2013-2019年上海市青浦区管网水中氟化物等4种阴离子含量分析

Analysis of four anions including fluoride in tap water in Qingpu District of Shanghai from 2013-2019

目的通过2013—2019年连续监测上海市青浦区管网水中氟化物等4种阴离子的变化,评估青浦区居民饮用水水质状况,为持续改善区域内饮用水水质提供数据支持。方法用离子色谱法同时测定2013—2019年上海市青浦区管网水中氟化物等4种阴离子浓度,用秩和检验及相关性检验评价管网水水质状况。结果 2013—2019年上海市青浦区管网水中无论是毒理学指标氟化物和硝酸盐,还是一般化学指标氯化物和硫酸盐均无超标,氟化物和硝酸盐的浓度范围分别是0.01~0.99和0.02~3.08 mg/L,氯化物和硫酸盐的浓度范围分别是1.90~155.60和1.40~213.70 mg/L,4种阴离子含量控制较好。2013—2019年上海市青浦区管网水中氟化物、硝酸盐、氯化物和硫酸盐的分布状况差异均有统计学意义(H=559.617、162.559、556.234、545.355,均P<0.01)。年度与氟化物等4种阴离子浓度之间均存在负相关(均P<0.05)。对氟化物等4种阴离子在不同水文期的比较发现,除氟化物在不同水文期表现平稳,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,硝酸盐、氯化物和硫酸盐浓度差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),浓度均有随地表径流量的增加而下降的趋势。结论 2013—2019年上海市青浦区管网水中氟化物等4种阴离子浓度均低于国家限值,水质较好,且4种化学物有逐年降低的趋势。

Objective To evaluate the water quality and provide data support for continuous improvement of drinking water quality in the region through continuous monitoring of the changes of four anions including fluoride in tap water in Qingpu District of Shanghai from 2013-2019. Methods The ion chromatography was used to determine the concentration of four anions including fluoride in tap water in Qingpu District of Shanghai from 2013-2019,and the rank sum test and correlation test were used to evaluate the quality of the tap water. Results From 2013-2019,in the tap water of Qingpu District,the toxicological indicators of fluoride and nitrate,or the general chemical indicators of chloride and sulfate,did not exceed the standards. The concentration range of fluoride and nitrate was 0.01-0.99 and 0.02-3.08 mg/L respectively,while the concentration range of chloride and sulfate was 1.90-155.60 and 1.40-213.70 mg/L respectively,and the concentrations of four anions were well controlled. There were statistically significant differences in distribution of fluoride,nitrate,chloride and sulfate in the tap water among years(H=559.617,162.559,556.234,545.355,all P<0.01). There were negative correlations between years and the four anion concentration(all P<0.05).The comparison of four anions in different hydrological periods showed that,except for the stable performance of fluoride in different hydrological periods and no statistical difference(P>0.05),the differences in the concentrations of nitrate,chloride and sulfate were statistically significant(all P <0.05),and the concentrations all decreased with the increase of surface runoff.Conclusion T he concentrations of four anions including fluoride in tap water in Qingpu District of Shanghai from 2013-2019 are lower than the national limits,the water quality is good,and the concentrations of four chemicals have a decreasing trend year by year.