基于半定量风险评价方法的柴油加氢装置工艺过程安全分析

Process Safety Analysis of Diesel Hydrogenation Unit Based on a Semi-quantitative Risk Assessment Method

为研究柴油加氢装置工艺流程及其安全防护系统可能存在的问题.基于危险与可操作性分析对国内普遍采用的柴油加氢精制工艺系统开展过程危害分析,依据风险分析等级给出相关建议措施。以脱氧水泵失效场景为例,采用保护层分析方法,在计算失效场景发生频率的基础上,提出当前独立安全保护层的完善建议及其安全完整性等级建议。分析结果表明,复合式风险评估方法对于有效发现与消除装置运行过程的安全隐患具有积极意义。

In order to study the possible problems existing in the process flow and safety protection system of typical domestic diesel hydrogenation units,process hazard analysis was carried out for the commonly used diesel hydrofining process system based on hazard and operability analysis(HAZOP)and relevant suggestions were given according to risk level.Taking the failure scenario of deoxygenated water pump as an example,the protective layer analysis method(LOPA)is adopted.On the basis of calculating the frequency of failure scenario and considering the acceptable risk standards of enterprises,the suggestions for improving the current independent safety protection layer and its safety integrity level(SIL)are put forward.The analysis results show that there are some shortcomings in existing process control,interlock protection,alarm setting and other protection measures of diesel hydrofining unit.The composite risk assessment method(HALOPA)is of positive significance for effectively discovering and eliminating potential safety hazards in the operation process of the unit and ensuring safety in production.