基于细胞外基质的胰腺癌纳米治疗策略

Nanotherapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer based on extracellular matrix

目的通过阐述目前基于细胞外基质构建纳米递药系统治疗胰腺癌的主要策略,为胰腺癌治疗基础研究提供思路与方向。方法查阅国内外相关期刊文章,整理出其研究思路和结果并总结存在的优缺点。结果基于胰腺癌细胞外基质的治疗可作为一种除直接针对癌细胞以外的有效治疗策略,通过调节重塑细胞外基质成分来增加药物渗透,扰乱胰腺癌细胞赖以生存的微环境的方式协同纳米递药系统能够展现出优异的促药物渗透作用和更优异的治疗效果。结论胰腺癌细胞外基质成分复杂多样,与癌细胞和非癌细胞有着密切的相互作用,细胞外基质成分的消融在促进药物进入肿瘤核心,增强疗效的同时也可能导致癌症的进一步扩散转移。另外,在胰腺癌组织中,细胞外基质成分的过度积累扭曲了其正常结构,出现了与其他实体瘤不同的特性即压迫血管系统导致间质的低血管性。因此,在设计这方面的治疗策略时应进行多方面考虑。

Objective To provide ideas and directions for the basic research on pancreatic cancer treatment by elaborating on the current main strategy of constructing a nano-drug delivery system based on extracellular ma⁃trix for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.Methods The relevant domestic and foreign journal articles were consult⁃ed to sort out the research ideas and results and summarize the advantages and disadvantages.Results The pancre⁃atic cancer treatment based on extracellular matrix can be used as an effective therapeutic strategy in addition to di⁃rectly targeting cancer cells.By regulating the remodeling of extracellular matrix components to increase drug pene⁃tration,and disrupting the microenvironment on which pancreatic cancer cells rely for survival,the synergistic na⁃no-drug delivery system can show excellent drug penetration promotion and better therapeutic effect.Conclusion Extracellular matrix components of pancreatic cancer are complex and diverse,and have close interactions with can⁃cer cells and non-cancer cells.Ablation of extracellular matrix components promotes drug entry into the core of tu⁃mor and enhances the therapeutic efficacy,but may also lead to further spread and metastasis of cancer.In addition,the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components distorts the normal structure of pancreatic cancer tis⁃sues,resulting in different characteristics from other solid tumors,namely,the compressed vascular system leads to interstitial hypovascularity.Therefore,many aspects should be taken into consideration in the design of therapeutic strategies in this area.