不同饲养状态下克氏原螯虾的格斗行为

Fighting Behavior of Red Swamp Crayfish in Different Culture Conditions

为探究不同饲养状态下克氏原螯虾的格斗行为,丰富克氏原螯虾的行为学研究内容,进行2期试验。第1期试验取50尾隔离组克氏原螯虾投入非隔离组驯养箱内(单—群组),取50尾非隔离组克氏原螯虾投入非隔离组的其他驯养箱内(群—群组),24h后记录各箱内克氏原螯虾存活数。第2期试验取隔离组和非隔离组中体质量和体长接近的同性克氏原螯虾两两组内配对(非隔离组克氏原螯虾不与原同伴配对),形成36对格斗,用摄像头拍摄格斗过程,记录克氏原螯虾间第一次格斗起始时间(犹豫期时长)、每次格斗时长、总格斗时长和格斗回合数。以总格斗时长和格斗回合数的比值,即平均每次格斗时长作为格斗强度的衡量标准。结果表明,单—群组死亡率显著高于群—群组(P<0.05);隔离状态下饲养的克氏原螯虾之间的格斗发生率、格斗回合数、格斗总时长以及格斗强度均显著大于非隔离状态下饲养的克氏原螯虾(P<0.05);但剔除未格斗样本后,两种饲养状态下的克氏原螯虾各项格斗行为参数均无显著差异(P>0.05)。本试验结果揭示了隔离环境下饲养的克氏原螯虾更加好斗,但隔离环境并不提升克氏原螯虾的战斗能力。当某一克氏原螯虾从隔离环境进入陌生群体环境时,更容易发生死亡现象(入侵者死亡,或原住民死亡,或两者先后发生死亡)。

In order to explore the fighting behavior of red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii under different culture conditions and enrich the behavioral research content of red swamp crayfish,two trails were designed in this study.In the first stage,50 red swamp crayfish in the isolation group were put into the non isolation group domestication boxes(single-group),and 50 red swamp crayfish in the non isolation group were put into other domestication boxes(group-group).After 24 hours,the survival number of red swamp crayfish in each box was recorded.In the second stage,the same-sex red swamp crayfish in the isolation group and the non isolation group,whose body weight and body length were close to each other,were paired in two groups(the non isolation group was not paired with the original partner)to form 36 pairs of fighting groups,recorded the fight with the camera.The time of the first fight between red swamp crayfish(the length of hesitation period),the time of each fight,the total fighting time and the number of fighting rounds were recorded.The ratio of the total fighting time to the number of fighting rounds,i.e.the average fighting time,was taken as the standard to measure the fighting strength.The results of the first phase of the experiment showed that the single-group mortality was significantly higher than that in the group-group(P<0.05).The results of the second experiment showed that the fighting rate,the number of fighting rounds,the total fighting time and the fighting intensity of the red swamp crayfish kept in isolation were significantly greater than those in the non-isolated state(P<0.05).However,after eliminating the no fighting samples,there was no significant difference in the fighting behavior parameters of red swamp crayfish in the two feeding conditions(P>0.05).The results revealed that red swamp crayfish raised in an isolated environment were more aggressive,but isolation did not enhance the fighting capacity of red swamp crayfish.When a red swamp crayfish entered an unfamiliar environment from an isolated environment,death was more likely to occur(invaders died,or native died,or both died).