论狄德罗三种维度交织的“美在关系”说

On Diderot’s“Beauty in Relation”Theory of Three Dimensions Interwoven

狄德罗的“美在关系”说,是西方美学史上重要的美论之一,对人们认识美和研究美有一定的启发作用。狄德罗把关系分为“真实的关系”“见到的关系”和“虚构的关系”,并认为在这三种关系维度中,关系的强弱程度、人性与物性的比重、理性与感性所起的作用都是不同的。他试图在这三种关系维度中,涉及“真实的美”“相对的美”和“虚构的美”,以此关乎到美的整体及对美的本质问题的回答。本文从“真实的关系”“见到的关系”和“虚构的关系”三种维度出发,在肯定这一学说积极意义的同时,也在关系的内涵、研究对象、思维方式等方面指出其缺陷。力图对狄德罗“美在关系”说做出翔实的解读和合理的评价。

Diderot’s theory of“beauty in relation”is one of the most important theories of beauty in the history of western aesthetics,which has some enlightening significance for people to understand and study beauty.Diderot divides the relationship into“real relationship”,“seen relationship”and“fictional relationship”,and holds that in these three dimensions,the strength of the relationship,the proportion of human nature and physical nature,and the role of reason and sensibility are all different.He tries to involve“real beauty”,“relative beauty”and“fictional beauty”in these three dimensions,so as to relate to the whole of beauty and the answer to the essence of beauty.Starting from the three dimensions of“real relationship”,“seen relationship”and“fictional relationship”,this paper affirms the positive significance of this theory,and points out its defects in the connotation of relationship,research object and thinking mode.This paper tries to make a detailed interpretation and reasonable evaluation of Diderot’stheory of“beauty in relationship”.