农民应对企业污染的生活策略与乡土逻辑

Farmer’s Life Strategy and Local Logic to Deal with Enterprise Pollution

农村“散乱污”企业屡禁不止,其污染危害依然是村民需要面对的生活命题。金村的调研发现,村民应对企业污染更多依靠传统认知与生活习惯,把风险防护责任内化为家庭事务;对污染企业的不满,也只是通过日常抗争形式、应激性地割裂/搁置与污染企业的乡村关系。当村民认识到积极分子抗争、环保治理风暴等无法完全消除企业污染,又不得不面对污染企业的乡村社会关系嵌入与企业污染带来的负面影响,采取个人化、生活化的方式应对企业污染的环境影响及其社会后果,成为村民最为理性化的抉择。村民应对企业污染的生活策略对农村环境治理与乡村振兴战略带来的挑战,需要通过提升农民环境参与能力、加强农民与国家互动以及推动乡村组织集体行动等举措加以应对。

The“scattered pollution”enterprises in the countryside can not be banned repeatedly and its pollution harm is still the life proposition that the villagers need to face.The daily life practice of environmental silence villagers to deal with enterprise pollution presents a“Dual Track”action mode,which can solve the pollution risk of enterprises and fight against pollution enterprises in daily life.In order to avoid the health risk of enterprise pollution,most of the silent villagers take many risk mitigation strategies to protect themselves,and internalize the responsibility of risk protection into family affairs.At the same time,silent villagers also split/shelve the rural relationship with polluting enterprises in the form of daily struggle,so as to express their inner dissatisfaction and life demands.The“Dual track”approach of environmental silence villagers to deal with enterprise pollution is a rational choice based on personal life experience and egoism in the gap between the maintenance of village relations and the failure of environmental protection regulations.The villagers’life strategy to deal with enterprise pollution brings challenges to the Rural Environment Governance and rural revitalization strategy,this needs to be addressed through initiatives such as enhancing farmers’capacity to participate in the environment,strengthening farmers’interaction with the state and promoting collective action by rural organizations.