中药治疗癫痫的实验研究进展

Experimental research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of epilepsy

现今临床治疗癫痫多采用西药为主,而中药治疗癫痫的历史源远流长且疗效确切,但其中的作用机制尚未完全清楚。近年来中药治疗癫痫可能通过多种基因与信号通路发挥作用,主要涉及细胞凋亡、神经递质、炎症和氧化应激在内等多种复杂的生物学过程:(1)通过调控一系列凋亡基因表达,抑制经典信号通路活性等抑制细胞凋亡;(2)降低过氧化,减少氧化应激损伤与通过提高清除自由基能力相关;(3)通过调控离子通道,减轻神经元兴奋性发挥保护神经元的效应;(4)调控炎症因子表达,抑制神经元炎症免疫反应;(5)调节兴奋性神经递质,维持氨基酸类神经递质平衡;(6)抑制细胞过度自噬来发挥防治癫痫的效应。

Nowadays,western medicine is mainly used in the clinical treatment of epilepsy.Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history and shows curative effect in the treatment of epilepsy,but the mechanism of action is not fully clear.In recent years,traditional Chinese medicine plays a role in the treatment of epilepsy through a variety of genes and signaling pathways,mainly involving a variety of complex biological processes such as apoptosis,neurotransmitters,inflammation and oxidative stress:(1)inhibiting apoptosis by regulating the expression of a series of apoptotic genes and inhibiting the activity of classical signaling pathways;(2)reducing peroxidation,reducing oxidative stress damage and through improving the ability of scavenging free radicals;(3)protecting neurons by regulating ion channels to reduce the excitability of neurons;(4)regulating the expression of inflammatory factors to inhibit the inflammatory immune response of neurons;(5)regulating excitatory neurotransmitters to maintain the balance of amino acid neurotransmitters;(6)inhibiting excessive autophagy to prevent and treat epilepsy.