胆盐理化性质及其对脂质消化的影响机制研究进展

Advance in physicochemical properties of bile salts and its effect mechanism on lipid digestion

胆盐(BS)是胃肠道中的生物表面活性剂,在脂质消化过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。BS特殊的结构组成使之拥有不同于经典表面活性剂的理化性质,例如竞争性吸附和自组装形成胶束的行为,都参与了体内脂肪分解的过程。首先简要介绍了脂质在人体中消化吸收的过程和BS的基本性质,然后进一步阐述了BS影响脂质消化的作用机制,最后综述了近年来BS与肠道中蛋白质、脂质及其他外源食品组分相互作用的研究进展。探究BS在脂质消化中的角色,可以加深对脂质消化机制的理解,同时也可以通过调节脂质消化过程起到防治肥胖症等相关疾病的作用,还能基于BS的特殊性质开发新的载药系统。

Bile salts(BS)are bio-surfactants in the gastrointestinal tract(GIT),which play a crucial role in lipid digestion.The special structure and composition of BS make them have different physicochemical properties from classic surfactants,such as competitive adsorption and self-assembly of micelles are involved in the process of lipolysis in the body.The digestion and absorption process of lipids in the human body and basic properties of BS were briefly introduced.Then,mechanisms of BS affecting lipid digestion were further elaborated.Finally,the research progress on the interactions of BS with proteins,lipids and other exogenous food components in the intestine were summarized.Exploring the role of BS in lipid digestion could deepen our understanding of lipid digestion mechanism.At the same time,it could not only play a part in controlling obesity and other related diseases by regulating lipid degestion process,but also develop new drug delivery systems based on the special properties of BS.