论“半表半里”的意义改换与应用范围

Meaning Change and Application Scope of"Half Exterior and Half Interior"

“半表半里”一说在始创者成无己著作中的原意为“必有表复有里”“半在里半在外”的省文,意为疾病同时侵犯人体表里2个层次。而在其著作中的其他地方则改换为表示疾病(大多为少阳病)侵犯人体的单一层次(部位),其后至今大多数人谈到“半表半里”的意思一般均为后者。这样的意义改换有违张仲景本义,易造成概念混乱且不利于指导临床用药,故当代多有《伤寒论》研究者对其提出质疑。并认为半表半里作为专业术语,突出少阳病在临床中多为表证、里证相兼,半表半里用于描述少阳三焦腑在人体中居于体表组织之里、其他脏腑之外的解剖部位,这样少阳病相关理论的严谨性更为凸显,少阳病诊疗更准确、规范,从而提高疗效。

The original meanings of in its originator's books were initially the abbreviation for the term"definitively both external and internal"and"half at internal half at external",means the disease invaded both external and internal layers of the human body.But then changed to express the single layer or location of the disease(mainly Shaoyang disease).Most TCM practitioners from then on were used to the second definition of this term,yet it's not the original intention in ZHANG zhong-jing's TCM classic work and may lead to the confusion of concepts,that may be an obstacle to the accurate application of TCM herbs.Lots of researchers query about the validity of this term.In this paper."Halfexternal-half-internal"could highlight that Shaoyang diseases are mostly the combination of external and internal syndromes and describe the anatomical region of Shaoyang Sanjiao Fu-organ in human body,which is inside of the surface tissue and outside of other internal organs.This could benefit to the preciseness of the theories related to Shaoyang diseases,and make its clinical diagnosis and treatment more accurate and standardized,to achieve a better clinical therapeutic effect.