Suppressive Effects of Traditional Mulching Using Japanese Knotweed(Fallopia japonica)on Solanaceae Crop Diseases

日本虎杖(Fallopia japonica)传统覆盖对茄科作物病害的抑制作用

Poaceae plant species,such as silver grass,are commonly used in mulching activities Japan.In contrast,local farmers have traditionally used Japanese knotweed(Fallopia japonica)mulch in the cultivation of solanaceous crops in the Nishi-Awa area of Japan,which is a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems site.We have previously evaluated the positive effects of Japanese knotweed mulching on solanaceous crops,such as eggplants,tomato,and potato.In the present study,we observed that the naturally occurring diseases in the solanaceous crops tended to decrease when the knotweed mulching system was adopted,in comparison to when Poaceae mulch was adopted.In eggplants,leaf mold and powdery mildew decreased under Japanese knotweed mulching.We further evaluated the effects of Japanese knotweed mulching by inoculating test plants with Pseudomonas cichorii.We observed suppression of bacterial disease and tomato mosaic virus under Japanese knotweed mulching and following spraying with Japanese knotweed extracts.In addition,disease-resistance genes were expressed at high levels in Arabidopsis thaliana,a model plant,following treatment with Japanese knotweed extracts.The results suggest that Japanese knotweed has potential applications in future sustainable agriculture activities.

禾本科植物物种,如银草,在日本覆盖活动中通常被使用。相反,传统上,当地农民在日本的西阿瓦地区使用虎杖覆盖物种植茄科作物,该地区是全球重要的农业遗产系统所在地。我们以前曾评估过日本虎杖覆盖对茄子和马铃薯等茄科作物的积极作用。在本研究中,我们观察到,与采用禾本科植物覆盖相比,采用虎杖覆盖系统时,茄科作物中的自然发生疾病趋于减少。在日本虎杖覆盖下,茄子的叶片霉菌和白粉病减少。我们通过用菊苣假单胞菌(Pseudomonas cichorii)接种试验植物,进一步评估了日本虎杖覆盖的效果。我们观察了日本虎杖覆盖物和日本虎杖提取物喷洒后对细菌病和番茄花叶病毒的抑制作用。此外,在用日本虎杖提取物处理后,抗病基因在拟南芥中以高水平表达。结果表明日本虎杖在未来的可持续农业活动中具有潜在的应用。