《本草纲目》对江户时代食物本草书的影响——以《本朝食鉴》为中心

Influence of Ben Cao Gang Mu on Books About Dietary Materia Medica in Edo Period:A Study Based on Honcho Shokkan

《本草纲目》自江户时代伊始东传日本后,引起日本学者的高度重视,随后围绕《本草纲目》展开了一系列学术研究工作,食物本草书籍的编撰当列其中。食物本草类专书出现于江户时代早期,其中最具典范性的当推人见必大所著《本朝食鉴》。通过对是书的考察发现,人见必大对《本草纲目》知识的吸纳存在选择性,并非全盘接受,亦记载了大量日本独有的食物品种,较全面地反映了当时日本食物的种类和数量。总体而言,《本朝食鉴》的编撰过程是日本学者群体对以《本草纲目》为核心的本草学知识体系进行本土化改造的缩影。作为个案研究,有助于从细节层面了解中国本草学知识在异文化传播过程中所历经的改造过程,在方法和内容上可丰富《本草纲目》的传日研究。

Ben Cao Gang Mu(《本草纲目》,Compendium of Materia Medica)was introduced to Japan at the beginning of Edo Period and immediately got high attentions from Japanese scholars.Then a series of academic researches were carried out based on Compendium of Materia Medica,including the compilations of books about dietary materia medica.The books on dietary materia medica appeared in the early Edo period,among which the most exemplary one is Honcho Shokkan written by the Hitomi Hitsudai.It is found that Hitomi Hitsudai selectively included the knowledge of Compendium of Materia Medica in this book.He also recorded a large number of Japanese food which comprehensively reflects the types and quantity of food in Japan at that time.In general,the compilation of Honcho Shokkan was an epitome of the localization of the materia medica knowledge conducted by Japanese scholars,wihch was mainly based on Compendium of Materia Medica.As a case study,this paper is helpful to have a detailed understanding of the transformation of Chinese materia medica knowledge in the process of intercultural communication,and to enrich the studies on the dissemination of Compendium of Materia Medica in Japan in terms of method and content.