右美托咪定预防体外循环中急性肾损伤的研究进展

Research progress of dexmedetomidine in preventing acute kidney injury undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass

体外循环技术是把双刃剑,一方面帮助外科医生完成心脏手术,另一方面由于体外循环期间血流方式改变、低温、有形细胞碎片堵塞小血管、组织缺血再灌注等过程带来许多并发症。其中,急性肾损伤为最常见的并发症之一。右美托咪定作为α2肾上腺素能受体激动剂,具有良好的镇静、镇痛、抗焦虑的作用,已被广泛应用于临床,其在围手术期的器官保护作用日益突显。右美托咪定在体外循环相关的急性肾损伤中有着很好的预防作用。该文旨对右美托咪定预防体外循环中急性肾损伤的研究进展做一综述。

The cardiopulmonary bypass technique is a double-edged sword.On the one hand,it helps surgeons to complete cardiac surgery.On the other hand,due to the changes in blood flow mode,low temperature,blockage of small blood vessels by tangible cell debris,and tissue ischemia-reperfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass,many complications are caused,among which acute kidney injury is one of the most common complications.Dexmedetomidine,as an alpha 2 adrenergic receptor agonist,has good sedative,analgesic,and anti-anxiety effects,and has been widely used in clinics.Its perioperative organ protection effect is increasingly prominent.Several studies have found that dexmedetomidine has a good preventive effect on acute kidney injury associated with cardiopulmonary bypass.This article aims to explore the protective effect,possible mechanism and clinical application of dexmedetomidine in cardiopulmonary bypass-induced acute kidney injury.