生态学马克思主义视域下主体性实践及中国探索

The Dilemma of Subjective Practice and the Exploration of China's Experience from the Perspective of Ecological Marxism

在全球生态问题日渐严重的情况下,生态学马克思主义理论家们在马克思哲学与现代科学有机融合的基础上,运用唯物辩证的生态学思维批判资本逻辑统治下社会新陈代谢的断裂现象,在反思夸大人的绝对主体性和否定人的主体性的二元对立的过程中,寻找克服生态危机下西方资本主义社会主体性理论困境的现实途径,但由于未能找到超越资本主义生产方式的现实途径,其主体性思想存在自身难以克服的理论局限。新时代中国特色社会主义提出“五位一体”的总体部署,依托社会主义市场经济建设创造更多物质财富,并以公有制为主体多种所有制并存的基本经济制度为基础凝聚各阶层人民的利益共识,贯彻一切为了群众、一切依靠群众的以人为本的社会发展理念,从而为克服福斯特主体性理论困境找到现实途径,为推动全球生态文明建设提供宝贵的实践经验。

With the global ecological problems becoming more and more serious,the Ecological Marxist theorists represented by Forster,use materialist and dialectical ecological thinking to criticize the social new metabolic fracture phenomenon under the rule of capital logic,and reflect on the binary opposition,i.e.exaggerating people's absolute subjectivity and negative reflection of subjectivity.The author tries to find a realistic way to overcome the theoretical dilemma of Western capitalist social subjectivity under the ecological crisis,but fails to find a realistic way beyond the capitalist mode of production,which leads to the theoretical limitation of its subjectivity.In the new era,the socialism with Chinese characteristics not only puts forward the overall plan of"five-in-one",but also creates more material wealth by relying on the construction of socialist market economy.On the basis of public ownership as the main body and the coexistence of various ownership systems,it condenses the consensus of people's interests at all levels,and implements the people-oriented social development concept of all for the masses and all relying on the masses,so as to serve the people.Thus a realistic way could be found to overcome Forster's subjective theory dilemma and provide valuable practical experience for promoting the construction of global ecological civilization.