社区养老服务缓解了中国老年人健康脆弱性吗?

Analysis on Impact of Community Elderly Care Services on Chinese Seniors’Vulnerability

利用中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查数据和结构方程模型,考察社区养老服务对老年人健康脆弱性的影响,结果显示:老年人生理健康脆弱性比心理健康脆弱性程度更加明显,而农村老年人心理健康脆弱性相对更严重。社区养老服务既可以直接影响老年人健康脆弱性,还可以通过提高老年人的反脆弱能力来降低其健康脆弱性,且“社区养老服务→反脆弱能力→生理健康脆弱性→心理健康脆弱性”传导路径得到证实。此外,社区养老服务对老年人健康脆弱性的缓解作用还存在城乡异质性。应从优化社区养老服务供给和提高老年人反脆弱能力入手,系统性地消解老年人健康脆弱性。

Using the data of CLHLS and SEM model,this paper investigated the effect of community care services on the health vulnerability among the elderly in China.The study found that:The physical health vulnerability of the elderly is more obvious than the mental health vulnerability,and the mental health vulnerability of the rural elderly is relatively more serious.Community care services have a significant mitigation effect on the health vulnerability of the elderly through the variable of anti-vulnerability.Community elderly services can improve elderly anti-fragility ability and affect their mental health vulnerability by decreasing their physical health vulnerability,which means the effect path of“community care services→anti-fragility ability→physical health vulnerability→mental health vulnerability”is verified.There exists path differences in the mitigation effect of community care services on the health vulnerability due to the urban-rural differences.Therefore,the government should construct a policy system to effectively reduce health vulnerability by improving the community care services and anti-fragility ability.