新疆农村低收入人口识别标准及规模初探

Identification Standard and Scale of Rural Low-income Population in Xinjiang

2020年消除绝对贫困后,中国已进入相对贫困阶段。农村低收入人口识别是治理相对贫困的前提。以农村居民可支配收入、收入消费支出、基本生活需求等为依据对新疆农村低收入人口识别标准和规模进行探讨,对新疆实现巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果与乡村振兴有效衔接具有重要意义。研究表明,农村居民人均可支配收入低于7000元、农村居民收入消费比在1以下可作为新疆“十四五”农村低收入人口识别标准;农村低收入人口规模在517万人左右,占农村总人口的40%左右,其中应重点巩固的农村低收入人口规模在200万人左右,占农村总人口的15%左右。基于新疆农村低收入人口比重大的情况,必须加快健全新疆农村低收入人口识别监测机制,并持续加大产业、就业、兜底保障等的精准扶持力度。

After the elimination of absolute poverty in 2020,China has entered the stage of relative poverty.The identification of rural low-income population is the premise of relative poverty management.The identification criteria and scale of rural low-income population in Xinjiang were discussed on the basis of rural residents'disposable income,income consumption expenditure and basic living needs,which is of great significance for Xinjiang to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation and effectively link up rural revitalization.The results showed that the per capita disposable income of rural residents is less than 7000 yuan,and the income-consumption ratio of rural residents is less than 1,which can be regarded as the identification standard of rural low-income population in Xinjiang during the 14th Five-Year Plan period;the number of low-income people in rural areas is about 5.17 million,accounting for about 40 percent of the total rural population,of which the rural low-income population that should be focused on consolidation is about 2 million,accounting for about 15 percent of the total rural population.In view of the high proportion of low-income population in rural Xinjiang,it is necessary to accelerate the improvement of the identification and monitoring mechanism of rural low-income population,and continue to increase the precision support for industries,employment,and subsistence security.