无关言语对一年级小学生阅读影响的眼动研究

The Effects of Irrelevant Speech on Reading Among First Graders First-Grade Students:An Eye-Tracking Study

无关言语效应对成人阅读的影响已经得到证实,但是很少有研究探讨儿童阅读中的无关言语效应。为了考察汉语初学者的阅读中是否存在无关言语效应,本研究使用眼动仪记录阅读过程,考察四种不同的背景音(有意义言语、无意义言语、白噪音、安静)对一年级小学生句子阅读的影响。结果发现:与安静条件相比,有意义言语条件下句子的总阅读时间更长,注视次数和回视次数更多,眼跳幅度更大;局部分析发现,有意义言语条件下,汉字的总注视时间更长,首次注视时间和凝视时间在各种声音条件下没有显著差异。这表明儿童阅读中存在无关言语效应,而且有意义言语影响了词汇的晚期加工。

The effects of irrelevant speech on adult reading have been confirmed,but few studies have assessed children’s reading performance in the presence of irrelevant speech.To investigate whether there is an irrelevant speech effect for Chinese beginning readers,the present study recorded the eye movements of first-grade students during sentence reading.Four different background speeches were manipulated,that is,meaningful speech,meaningless speech,pink noise,and silence.The results showed that compared with silence,the reading performance under the meaningful speech condition was disrupted,such that longer reading time and saccade length,more fixation and regression counts.In the local analyses,the total fixation duration was increased in the meaningful speech condition than that of in the silence condition,however,such effect was absent on the measure of first fixation duration and gaze duration.These findings indicate that meaningful speech condition influences the reading of first graders,and influences the late word processing.