疑似肺结核痰涂片抗酸染色临床价值分析

Clinical value of acid-fast staining in sputum smear of suspected pulmonary tuberculosis

目的研究痰中结核分枝杆菌检验应用到肺结核患者中的作用与效果。方法 2018年8月1日—2020年7月31日本院接收的疑似为肺结核患者1 215例,借助痰涂片法对痰液中的结核分枝杆菌进行检验,对其结果进行观察比较,对部分患者行γ-干扰素释放试验(IGRA)并记录其结果。结果 1 215例疑似为肺结核患者中,抗酸杆菌阳性共38例,阳性率为3.13%(38/1 215),其中,+占55.26%(21/38),++占21.05%(8/38),+++占23.68%(9/38)。结论抗酸染色仍是经典开放性肺结核的诊断方法,对城乡结核发病情况不容忽视。γ-干扰素释放试验是一种有效的早期辅助诊断手段,但仍不可排除痰涂片抗酸杆菌染色检查。

Objective To study the function and effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis test in sputum of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods From August 1,2018 to July 31,2020,1 215 suspected cases of tuberculosis were admitted to our hospital. All patients underwent the test of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by sputum smear,observing and comparing their final results;a few underwent IGRA test and the results were observed and compared. Results After the test,among 1 215 suspected tuberculosis patients with acid-fast staining,38 were positive for acid-fast bacilli,with an overall positive detection rate of 3. 13%( 38/1215). Among them, + accounted for 55. 26%( 21/38), + + accounted for 21. 05%( 8/38),and + +accounted for 23. 68%( 9/38). Conclusion Acid-fast staining is still a classic open method for the diagnosis of tuberculosis,and the incidence of tuberculosis in urban and rural areas should not be ignored. Interferon gamma release test is an effective means for early diagnosis,but acid-fast bacilli staining on sputum smear can not be ruled out.