广西地区HIV/AIDS患者腹泻的影响因素及临床特征分析

Influencing factors and clinical characteristics of diarrhea in HIV/AIDS patients in Guangxi region

目的探讨广西地区HIV/AIDS患者腹泻的影响因素及临床特征。方法选取广西地区86例HIV/AIDS腹泻患者作为观察组,另选140例HIV/AIDS无腹泻患者作为对照组。搜集两组患者的相关资料,分析HIV/AIDS患者腹泻的影响因素及临床特征。结果(1)确诊时疾病状态为AIDS、CD4+T淋巴细胞计数<200个/μL及血清降钙素原水平升高均为HIV/AIDS患者腹泻的危险因素(均P<0.05)。(2)HIV/AIDS腹泻患者多为急性腹泻,便次频繁(每日3次或以上),常伴不同程度腹痛、中度以上发热、恶心呕吐、腹胀、乏力、纳差、便血、头晕目眩、心悸气短、畏寒等。部分患者反复发生间歇性腹泻,缠绵不愈数年,便次5~6次/d。多数患者相关实验室指标异常,但病原学检查只发现少数患者疑似细菌感染。大部分患者经过内科综合治疗后腹泻均可控制。结论确诊时疾病状态为AIDS、CD4+T淋巴细胞计数<200个/μL及血清降钙素原水平升高均为HIV/AIDS患者腹泻的危险因素。HIV/AIDS腹泻患者以急性腹泻为主,便次频繁,常伴不同程度腹痛、发热、便血等。临床可根据HIV/AIDS患者的疾病进展结合CD4+T淋巴细胞计数、血清降钙素原等指标,及时判断和评估腹泻的可能性及严重程度,给予针对性的干预和治疗。

Objective To explore the influencing factors and clinical characteristics of diarrhea in HIV/AIDS patients in Guangxi region.Methods Eighty-six HIV/AIDS patients with diarrhea from Guangxi region were enrolled as observation group,and anotheR140 HIV/AIDS patients without diarrhea as control group.Relevant data of the patients in the two groups were collected to analyze the influencing factors and clinical characteristics of diarrhea in HIV/AIDS patients.Results(1)Suffering from the disease identified as AIDS,CD4+T lymphocyte count less than 200/μL,and elevated serum procalcitonin level were the risk factors foRdiarrhea in HIV/AIDS patients(all P<0.05).(2)Most HIV/AIDS patients with diarrhea presented as acute diarrhea,frequent defecation(three times oRmore daily),commonly accompanied by abdominal pain of different degrees,moderate feveRoRabove,nausea and vomiting,abdominal distension,fatigue,pooRappetite,hematochezia,dizziness,palpitations,shortness of breath,and chills.Some patients had repeated intermittent diarrhea,sustaining the disease foRseveral years,and defecation five to six times daily.Most patients presented an abnormality in related laboratory indicators,whereas only a few patients were indentified with suspected bacterial infection by etiological examination.Diarrhea was controlled in the majority of the patients afteRcomprehensive medical treatment.Conclusion Suffering from the disease identified as AIDS,CD4+T lymphocyte count less than 200/μL,and elevated serum procalcitonin level are the risk factors foRdiarrhea in HIV/AIDS patients.HIV/AIDS patients with diarrhea commonly present as acute diarrhea,frequent defecation,commonly suffering from concomitant abdominal pain of different degrees,fever,and hematochezia.Clinically,according to HIV/AIDS patients′disease progression in combination with indicators such as CD4+T lymphocyte count and serum procalcitonin,we can promptly judge and evaluate the possibility and severity of diarrhea,and provide targeted intervention and treatment.