“十四五”期间乡村治理数字化的框架与指标体系设计

Framework and Index System Design of Rural Governance Digitization During the 14th Five-Year Plan Period

乡村治理是国家“十四五”期间乡村振兴战略的重要基石,数字化转型是乡村治理的重要手段,乡村治理数字化不仅仅是数字化技术在乡村治理过程中的应用,关键在于数字化治理手段的应用,从根本上是对乡村治理流程的再造,也是对乡村治理体系的重塑。因此,建立科学合理的评价指标体系,对中国乡村治理的数字化水平进行测度具有重要的现实意义。厘清乡村治理的多元主体、客体、治理对象及三者之间的运行机理机制,是构建乡村治理数字化结构框架的基础,本文从治理主体、客体和治理对象之间的逻辑关系入手,构建了中国乡村治理数字化的基本框架。从乡村治理的目标、过程和结果全流程出发,构建了乡村治理数字化的评价指标体系,该指标体系以坚持人民为中心的治理理念、贯穿“三治融合”的治理手段、并以推进乡村治理体系与治理能力现代化三个方面为原则,从政府对数字化建设的支持、数字化平台建设、数字化数据管理和数字化应用效果四个维度设计了一套科学的乡村治理数字化效能评价指标体系,共包含4个一级指标,18个二级指标和25个测度点,形成了多维度、全方位的指标体系。为助推中国乡村治理数字化转型,完善乡村治理体系以及提高乡村治理效能提供有效参考。

Rural governance is a major strategic arrangement in the 14th Five-Year Plan.Digital transformation is an important means of rural governance.The digitization of rural governance means not only the application of digital technology in the process of rural governance but also the application of digital governance methods.Fundamentally,it is to rebuild the rural governance process and the rural governance system.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to establish a scientific and reasonable evaluation indicator system to measure the digital level of rural governance in China.Clarifying the multiple subjects,objects and target of rural governance and their operating mechanism is the basis for constructing the digital structure of rural governance.First,taking the logical relationship among the governance subject,object,and governance target as an entry point,this paper constructed the basic framework for the digitization of rural governance in China.Then,based on the goals,process and results of rural governance,a evaluation indicator system for rural governance digitization was constructed.This indicator system adheres to the people-centered governance concept and uses the three-governance integration method,aiming at promoting the modernization of rural governance system and governance capabilities.Finally,a scientific evaluation indicator system for rural governance digitization efficiency was designed from the dimensions of government support for digital construction,digital platform construction,digital data management and digital application effects.It includes 4 first-level indicators,18 second-level indicators,and 25 measurement points,which form a multi-dimensional,operable,and relatively comprehensive indicator system,aiming to provide an effective reference for promoting the digital transformation of rural governance,improving the rural governance system and improving the efficiency of rural governance in China.