7株根际促生菌对设施小黄瓜生长发育及土壤根际环境的影响

Effects of seven rhizospheric growth-promoting bacteria on growth and soil rhizospheric environment on greenhouse cucumbers

【目的】采用根际促生菌缓解设施小黄瓜连作障碍和改善化学肥料的过量施用造成土壤养分失衡、土壤酶活性降低等问题.【方法】试验地为连作5 a的土壤,采用菌液灌根法,设置8个处理,分别为B0(control)、B1多粘芽孢杆菌(Bacillus polymyxa)、B2地衣芽孢杆菌(B.licheniformis)、B3解淀粉芽孢杆菌(B.amyloliquefaciens)、B4枯草苯孢杆菌(B.subtilis)、B5胶质芽孢杆菌(B.mucilaginosus)、B6巨大芽孢杆菌(B.gatherium)、B7苏云金芽孢杆菌(B.thuringiensis),研究了7株不同芽孢杆菌对设施小黄瓜不同生长时期的土壤根际环境与其生长发育、品质及产量的影响,筛选出适宜设施小黄瓜栽培的最佳根际促生菌.【结果】B4处理对小黄瓜的光合作用具有显著性影响;B5处理对小黄瓜根中钾、磷,茎中钾、氮,小黄瓜叶中磷、钾有显著性影响;B4处理667 m^(2)产量显著高于对照15.89%.小黄瓜综合评价指数CQI排序为:B4>B1>B5>B6>B7>B2>B3>B0,B4处理小黄瓜生长指标综合评价指数CQI为5.58,品质综合评价指数2.55,土壤质量综合指数CQI为10.12,产量CQI为0.64,总的CQI为18.89,B4处理CQI显著高于对照组17.1%.【结论】B4(枯草芽孢杆菌)处理的效果最佳,对改善土壤根际环境、小黄瓜的品质及产量有积极作用,具有一定的开发利用潜力,可作为研制小黄瓜新型环保肥料的优良菌株资源.

【Objective】In order to alleviate the soil-borne diseases of cucumber soil and improve the damage of agricultural ecosystem with PGPR caused by excessive application of chemical fertilizer.【Method】The test field was five years of continuous soil,there are eight treatments,including B0(control),B1(Bacillus polymyxa),B2(B.licheniformis),B3(B.amyloliquefaciens),B4(B.subtilis),B5(B.mucilaginosus),B6(B.gatherium),B7(B.thuringiensis).The effects of 7 plant rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria were studied on growth,quality and yield of cucumber in different growth periods by using the method of bacterial liquid irrigation.【Result】B4 treatment had significant effect on photosynthesis of cucumber;B5 treatment had significant effect on potassium,phosphorus,potassium and nitrogen in root,phosphorus and potassium in stem,and B4 yield was significantly higher than that of control 15.89%.The order CQI cucumber comprehensive evaluation index is as follows:the CQI of B4>B1>B5>B6>B7>B2>B3>B0.The growth CQI of B4 treatment is 5.58,the quality CQI is 2.55,the soil CQI is 10.12,the yield CQI is 0.64,the total CQI is 18.89;The CQI of B4 was significantly higher than that of the control,which was 17.1%higher.【Conclusion】B4 treatment has the best comprehensive effect on cucumber,has positive effect on improving soil rhizosphere environment,quality and yield,and has certain potential for development and utilization.It can be used as an excellent strain resource for developing new environmental protection fertilizer for cucumber.