发展崩岗经济变崩岗治理为崩岗资源化利用

Developing the Benggang economics to transform the Benggang-erosion control to the Benggang utilization as resources

崩岗为我国南方危害最为严重的侵蚀类型。目前的崩岗治理模式基本忽略了崩岗土地自身的资源禀赋,或以生态修复为主,较少考虑经济效益;或者采用“梯化/推平”模式,彻底改观崩岗区域的景观。作者认为,崩岗土地具有自身独特的资源禀赋,例如,其雄奇壮丽景观可用于发展旅游业,崩岗砂可替代河沙作为建筑材料,沙地和高温差环境也利于培育特色农产品等。基于此,提出崩岗经济的概念,在崩岗经济的理念下,1)崩岗土地的开发利用应最大程度减小地表扰动,以尽量利用其自身的资源禀赋;2)崩岗治理应以沟道拦砂措施为主,同时允许农民开采崩岗砂,使得农民自觉进行清淤和相关维护工作;3)联合发展第一、第二和第三产业,实现崩岗土地资源利用效率的最大化。崩岗经济是实现乡村振兴的重要途径,政府应推动建设崩岗经济试验基地。

[Background]Benggang is a fragmented landform formed by the overall collapse of slope soil.Benggang erosion,the most serious erosion type in South China,has caused extremely intensive land degradation.Current control patterns of the Benggang erosion,neglecting the resource endowment of the Benggang lands themselves,either focus on ecological restoration with less attention on economic benefits,or use mechanized equipment to totally change the Benggang’s landscape and morphology.[Methods]By analyzing the resource endowment of the Benggang lands,we put forward the concept of the Benggang economics.Furthermore,we analyzed the major patterns to develop the Benggang economics and its relevance to the Benggang-erosion management,and gave some specific measures to promote the Benggang economics.[Results]1)The authors argued that the Benggang lands had a number of distinctive resource endowments.First of all,the Benggang lands may serve as earth-science popularization education bases;secondly,the spectacular landscape associated with intensive soil collapse can be used to develop tourism;thirdly,the alluvial sandy soil layer has potential to substitute river sand as constructional materials;and finally,the distinctive surface conditions related to the sandy soil in combination with the high daily temperature variation can foster characteristic agricultural products.2)Based on these resource endowments,we proposed the notion of the Benggang economics and suggested that we should fully develop the primary industry together with the secondary and the tertiary industries on Benggang lands,thereby maximizing the land use efficiencies.The primary industry should mainly rely on the characteristic agriculture associated with the distinctive surface conditions on Benggang lands,rather than the traditional planting industry.The secondary industry mainly refers to the exploitation of the alluvial sands as a new mineral resource.The tertiary industry refers to the tourism and the associated services.The tourism has potentials to promote the whole Benggang economics and should receive more attention.The government should select some Benggang lands as science popularization education base for students,whereby attracting people and developing the Benggang economics.The Benggang economics implies 1)the original Benggang landscape should maintained as well as possible so as to utilize its own resource endowments as much as possible;2)the gully measures such as check dams should receive priority in controlling the Benggang erosion risk.Accordingly,the government should allow the peasants to exploit and sell the alluvial sands so that they are willing to remove the alluvial deposition behind the dam regularly.[Conclusions]As an initiative idea,the Benggang economics is closely relevant to rural revitalization.Governments should promote the establishment of demo bases of the Benggang economics as soon as possible.