成本不确定和运力影响下新能源汽车供应链协调契约

Coordination Contracts in the New Energy Vehicle Supply Chain Considering Cost Uncertainty and Carrying Capacity Impact

考虑由新能源汽车租赁企业和配送企业组成的供应链,在新能源汽车和燃油汽车的运营成本不确定和运力影响下,文章运用NAC容度期望效用和博弈论研究新能源汽车的租赁量、租赁价和配送价格决策,比较了有无成本分担与收益共享两种契约结果,揭示配送企业对运营成本的乐观度和运力的影响。研究发现,引入成本分担与收益共享能提高新能源汽车租赁量,降低配送价格,提升配送需求。随着配送企业对新能源汽车(燃油汽车)运营成本乐观度的提高(下降)或新能源汽车(燃油汽车)运力提升(下降),新能源汽车租赁量均提高,但受契约类型的影响,租赁价和配送价格不一定下降。

This paper investigates a supply chain composed of a distribution enterprise and a new energy vehicle(NEV)leasing enterprise.Considering the influence of uncertain operating costs of NEVs and fuel vehicles(FVs),this paper studies the decision-making of distribution service price,leasing price and leasing quantity of NEVs by using NAC capacity expected utility and game theory,compares results with and without the cost and gain sharing contract,and discloses the impact of vehicle carrying capacities and the distribution enterprise's optimism level about operating costs.Results indicate that introducing the cost and gain sharing contract can increase the leasing quantity of NEVs,decrease the distribution service price,and increase the distribution demand.When the optimism level about operating costs of NEVs(FVs)increases(decreases)or the carrying capacity of the NEV(FV)increases(decreases),the distribution enterprise can increase the leasing quantity of NEVs,but the optimal leasing price and distribution service price do not necessarily decrease,which depends on the contract type.