“负载-效用”两级均衡下智能电网实时电价定价策略

Real-time pricing strategy for the smart grid under"load-utility"two-level balance

社会福利最大化下的实时电价定价机制未考虑电力系统各主体的利益独立性,无法实现电力系统各主体的收益效用均衡,另一方面可能造成用户负载峰谷的产生或者转移。将“负载-效用”两级均衡融入智能电网实时电价的定价优化,建立了实时电价定价策略的两级均衡模型。基于电网系统各主体的收益效用函数推导出采购电价与实时电价的定价机制,并在定价机制的基础上,设计了基于多目标遗传算法(NSGA-II)的模型求解算法。最后,数值仿真实验表明了两级均衡模型下的实时电价定价机制更能保证电网系统各参与方的收益效用均衡,也使得用户负载更加均衡。

A real-time pricing mechanism under the maximization of social welfare does not consider the benefit independence of the power system entities,so it cannot achieve the benefit and utility balance of the power system entities.On the other hand,it may cause the generation or transfer of user load peaks and valleys.In this paper,a two-stage equilibrium model of real-time pricing strategy is established by integrating"load-utility"two-stage equilibrium into the real-time pricing optimization of the smart grid.Based on the revenue utility function of the main body of the power grid system,the pricing mechanism of the purchase electricity price and the real-time electricity price is derived,and on the basis of the pricing mechanism,this paper designs an algorithm based on a multi-objective genetic algorithm(NSGA-II).Finally,a simulation shows that the real-time electricity price pricing mechanism under the two-level equilibrium model can better ensure the fairness of the benefits of the participants in the grid system,and make the user load more balanced.