紫苏种质资源表型多样性研究

Phenotypic Diversity of Perilla frutescens Germplasms

以90份紫苏种质资源为试验材料,采用聚类分析和主成分分析法对其种子颜色、株高、分枝数等17个表型性状进行分析比较。结果表明,12个描述性状的分布频率中,其种子颜色频率为塔灰色>栗色>灰白色>褐色>白色和深褐色;子叶大小以大叶为主。数量性状变异分析发现,90份紫苏资源数量性状存在很大的差异,不同资源5个数量性状的变异系数为0.19%~28.66%。通过聚类分析发现,可将90份试验材料分为三大类群。第Ⅰ类有54份,代表资源有HZ 3-1和HZ 5,属于晚熟型;第Ⅱ类有28份,代表资源有Z 9和Z 2早,属于早熟型;第Ⅲ类有8份,代表资源有HZ 57和丰香2号,属于中熟型。经主成分分析发现,株高、分枝数、种子颜色、株型等前4个主成分的累计贡献率达69.792%。90份紫苏资源各数量性状间差异较大,其数量性状存在明显的多样性。

In this study,the 90 Perilla frutescens germplasms were used as experimental materials to analyze 17 phenotypic traits including seed color,plant height and branch number and so on based on cluster analysis and principal component analysis.The results showed that the distribution frequency of seed color followed as gray tower>chestnut>gray white>brown>white and dark brown.The cotyledons of P.frutescens mainly belonged to large-leafed type.It was found that 90 P.frutescens resources had great differences in quantitative traits,and the coefficient of variation of five quantitative traits of different resources ranged from 0.19%to 28.66%.Cluster analysis showed that 90 materials tested could be divided into three groups.There were 54 materials in gourp I,hZ 3-1 and HZ 5 as representative resources,belonging to late ripening type,while there were 28 materials in gourp II,Z 9 and Z 2 Zao as representative resources,belonging to early ripening type.In addition,there were 28 materials in gourp III,HZ 57 and Fengxiang 2 as representative resources,belonging to medium ripening type.Based on principal component analysis,the accumulative contribution rate of the first four principal components including plant height,branch number,seed color and plant type,reached 69.792%.The quantitative traits of P.frutescens resources had obvious diversity.