谈某工程空调系统的低能耗设计

Discussion on design of a low-energy air-conditioning system

相关研究表明,暖通空调系统的能耗约占建筑总能耗的50%[1]。随着城市土地资源日益紧张,建筑体量较大的综合体建筑在城市化进程中逐渐增多,空调能耗也相应变大,降低此类建筑的空调能耗变得至关重要。而合理的暖通空调系统设计方案是降低空调能耗,节约经济成本,建设可持续发展的绿色建筑的关键环节。如某医院的节能改造[2],通过对主机、水泵合理的选型和运行调整,空调系统改造后的节能率可达32%;再如某科技馆[3],采用过渡季全新风、冷却塔免费供冷等节能措施,系统年节能率可达25.72%,由此可见合理的空调系统设计的重要性。本文以工程为实例,通过不同冷热源方案的经济对比分析、空调风系统的热回收设置,空调水系统的节能设计,浅谈较低能耗空调系统的设计。

According to a recent research[1],the energy consumption of HVAC systems accounts for 50%of the total energy used in buildings.As Land resources have become a serious issue,there is a growing number of large comprehensive buildings with the process of urbanization,which leads to the increase of energy consumed in air-conditioning(AC)systems.As a result,it is important to reduce the AC energy consumption in this kind of buildings.A reasonable HVAC plan is a key point of decreasing the AC energy consumption,saving economic cost and developing sustainable buildings.For example,in the refurbishment of a hospital[2],the energy used by its AC system reduced by 32%after resizing the AC units and water pumps and altering the running plan.Additionally,in the example of a science and technology museum[3],such energy conservation measures as using full fresh air during transition seasons and“free cooling”by cooling tower led to 25.72%reduction in AC energy consumption.Both these two projects can prove the importance of reasonable AC system plans.Using a project as an example in this paper,it compares and analyses different cooling and heating source plans in several aspects,such as economy,heat recovery in air duct system and energy conservation in water system,and discusses the design of a low-energy air-conditioning system.