论技术生成的制度逻辑

On the Institutional Logic of Technology Becoming

在当代技术哲学中,随着技术与科学何者优先的问题之争论愈加深入,科学渗透技术性的命题,使研究开发成为技术生成的微观制度结构。在现实中,不能简单地把科学研究看作纯粹为了获得知识的活动,而应该把它看作技术的一种初阶开发。这种初阶开发,为产品开发提供技术基准,其专业化确保产品开发能广泛覆盖人类活动的各个领域。研究开发的职业化或法人化,使企业成为技术生成的现代制度形态。在这一制度化进程中,追求知识财产权日益成为技术生成的核心动力,它在法律保护意义上,通过价值约束确保技术的最大生成,通过价值开放确保技术生成达到最大社会收益。如果知识产权无疑展现为资本形式,那么,资本对技术生成具有更多的制度意义。不仅资本推动着现代技术的生成,而且现代技术本身日益作为资本力量而在全球受到普遍追求。概而言之,研究开发作为技术生成的微观制度结构,以企业活动为存在方式;企业的研究开发活动对知识财产权的追求,确保了技术的最大生成,其背后的制度逻辑可归结为强大的资本力量。

In contemporary philosophy of technology,the debates about the priority between technology and science has increasingly shown that technological penetration into science and has made research and development(R&D)the micro-institutional structure of the becoming of technology.Scientific research should not be simply taken to be an activity purely for the purpose of acquiring knowledge,but rather the primary stage of development.This initial development provides technical benchmarks for product development,and its specialization ensures that product development covers a wide range of human activities.The professionalization or corporatization of R&D makes the enterprise modern institutional form of technology becoming.In the process of institutionalization,the pursuit for intellectual property has increasingly become the major motivation for the becoming of technology.With its legal protection,it can ensure the maximum becoming of technology through value constraints.Through value opening,the becoming of technology can attain the maximum benefits.If intellectual property rights undoubtedly exist as a form of capital,then capital has more institutional significance for the becoming of technology.Not only does capital promote the becoming of modern technology,but modern technology itself is increasingly pursued as a power of capital in the world.In a nutshell,as a micro-institutional structure for the becoming of technology,R&D exists in the activities of enterprise whose pursuit for intellectual property ensures the maximum becoming of technology,and the institutional logic behind it is the powerful impetus of capital.