供给侧视角:我国上市冷链物流企业效率测算研究

Supply Side Perspective:Research on the Efficiency Measurement ofListed Cold-Chain Logistics Enterprises in China

随着冷链物流市场规模不断扩大,为满足居民消费升级需要,推动冷链物流企业供给侧改革,实现冷链物流企业发展模式的转型升级至关重要。通过采集2018年我国上市冷链物流企业投入产出相关数据,将其分为运输型、仓储型、综合型三类冷链物流企业,并运用三阶段DEA模型分类对其效率水平进行测度。实证结果表明:我国冷链物流企业整体综合技术效率水平还比较低,尤其是综合型冷链物流企业,其中规模效率偏低是主要原因,但整体处于规模效率递增阶段;SFA回归分析表明,科技水平、政府支持力度的增加可以推动冷链物流企业效率的提升。因此,建议冷链物流企业发展应注重外部环境的改善、提高企业资源配置的效率,加快企业服务的转型升级。

With the continuous expansion of cold-chain logistics market,in order to meet the needs of consumer upgrading,to promote the supply side reform of cold-chain logistics enterprises,it is of great importance to achieve the transformation and upgrading of the development mode of cold-chain logistics enterprises.Based on the input-output data of China’s listed cold-chain logistics enterprises in 2018,cold-chain logistics enterprises are divided into three types,namely the transportation type,the storage type and the comprehensive type,and the efficiency level is measured by using the three-stage DEA model classification.The empirical results show that the overall comprehensive technical efficiency level of cold-chain logistics enterprises in China,especially the comprehensive cold-chain logistics enterprises,is still low.The main reason is the low scale efficiency,but the overall cold-chain logistics enterprises are in the process of increasing scale efficiency.SFA regression analysis shows that the increase of Science and technology level and government support can promote the efficiency of cold-chain logistics enterprises.Therefore,it is suggested that the development of cold-chain logistics enterprises should attach due importance to the improvement of external environment,the improvement of resource allocation efficiency,and the transformation and upgrading of enterprise services.