双语脑功能机制的脑磁图研究进展

Research Progress of Magnetoencephalography in the Functional Mechanism of Bilingual Brain

双语者经常使用两种语言已被证明对语言和认知功能有广泛的影响,但是双语使用影响大脑的机制目前尚不清楚。脑磁图通过非侵入性方式测量微弱的脑磁场信号,可更准确反映脑部神经活动,对于脑疾病早期诊断和脑科学前沿研究具有重大意义。在阐述脑磁图技术的发展进程、分析方法和软件的基础上,从脑发育过程的双语优势、双语切换的脑机制研究、双语与数学计算等方面,综述脑磁图在双语脑功能机制研究中的应用。最后,介绍新型可穿戴脑磁技术的发展及其在双语脑功能机制研究中的潜在应用。

It has been proved that bilingual individuals’regular use of two languages has a broad impact on the linguistic and cognitive functions.However,the impact mechanism of bilingual experience on the brain remains unclear.Magnetoencephalography(MEG)is a noninvasive method to measure the weak brain magnetic field signal,which can more accurately reflect the brain neural activity,therefore is of great significance for the early diagnosis of brain diseases and the frontier research of brain science.This paper reviewed MEG’s application in the study of bilingual brain function mechanism by introducing the development process,analysis methods and software of MEG,mainly including the advantages of bilingualism in brain development,the brain mechanism of switching between two languages,bilingualism and mathematical calculation.At last,a new wearable brain magnetic technology,together with its potential application in the study of bilingual brain function mechanism is introduced.