“数据垄断”命题真伪争议的理论回应

The Theoretical Response to the Dispute over the Falseness and Truth of the Proposition of"Data Monopoly"

由于围绕数据私法属性和权利配置路径的研究仍旧未有定论,再加之对数据自身特性的激烈争辩,致使"数据垄断"命题饱受质疑,但实际上,无论是数据的私法属性还是其自身特征均不能成为否定该命题的合理理由。展开而言,从命题构成层次分析,"数据垄断"基于问题域差异可以具体分为数据垄断和基于数据的垄断,两者在理论上均具备成立的可能性空间。同时,私法在调整数据经济领域法律关系时的诸多局限性也更加凸显出反垄断法介入的必要性。

The inconclusive research revolving the private law attributes'of data and the path of right allocation,as well as the fierce debate on the characteristics of data itself,have led to the question on the proposition of “data monopoly”.But in fact,neither the private law attributes of data nor its own characteristics can be used as the basis for negating this proposition.Specifically,from the perspective of proposition composition level,“data monopoly” can be divided into data monopoly and data-based monopoly based on the difference of problem domain.Both of them have the possibility to be established in theory.At the same time,when adjusting the legal relationship in the field of data economy,many limitations of private law also show the necessity of anti-monopoly law intervention.