非接触式牵引供电线路故障定位系统研究

Research on Non-contact Fault Location System of Traction Power Supply Line

传统的铁路牵引供电线路故障定位系统大多基于阻抗计算原理,受线路参数影响较大,采用行波测距原理可避免这一问题。因此,基于非接触式行波定位原理设计了一套牵引供电线路故障定位系统。该系统采用非接触式电场传感器,通过测量接触网下方的电场反推接触网故障电压,具有频带宽、非接触式测量和安装维护方便的优点;采用基于模极大值的小波方法对故障波形进行分析,实现牵引网的故障定位,此外还分析了小波函数和分解层数对故障定位精度的影响。以朔黄铁路朔西线供电线路短路试验为例,通过非接触式故障定位系统测量得到的试验波形,按牵引接触网的电气工况计算暂态行波波速,最终得到测量误差在500 m以内,验证了非接触式故障定位系统的有效性。

The traditional fault location system of railway traction system is mostly based on the impedance calculation principle, which is greatly affected by the line parameters. The problem can be avoided by using traveling wave ranging principle. A fault location system of traction power supply line based on the principle of non-contact traveling wave location was designed. The system could reverse the catenary fault voltage through measuring the electric field below the catenary with non-contact electric field sensor, the system had the advantages of wide frequency band, non-contact measurement, convenient installation and maintenance. The wavelet method based on modulus maxima was used to analyze the fault waveform to realize the fault location of traction network. In addition, the accuracy of wavelet function and decomposition layers for fault location was analyzed. Taking the short-circuit test of Shuohuang railway Shuo-Xi line as an example, the test waveforms were obtained by the noncontact fault location system, and the transient traveling wave velocity was calculated based on the electrical conditions of the catenary. It was shown that the measurement error was less than 500 m, which verified the effectiveness of the non-contact fault location system.