非酒精性脂肪性肝病相关肝外疾病的研究进展

Research advances in extrahepatic diseases associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是全球慢病肝病的主要病因,涵盖了从脂肪变性到炎症和纤维化以至发生肝硬化的一系列病理表现。NAFLD与肝外疾病相关,包括代谢综合征、心血管疾病、慢性肾脏疾病、内分泌疾病、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征、银屑病、骨骼肌肉改变等。NAFLD的主要死因包括心血管疾病、恶性肿瘤及肝脏相关并发症,提示临床医生应重视NAFLD相关肝外疾病表现。对NAFLD相关肝外疾病研究进展进行综述,旨在为临床评估及治疗提供思路。

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a major cause of chronic liver diseases worldwide and covers a series of pathological manifestations from hepatic steatosis to inflammation,fibrosis,and even liver cirrhosis.NAFLD is associated with a wide range of extrahepatic diseases,including metabolic syndrome,cardiovascular disease,chronic kidney disease,endocrine diseases,obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome,psoriasis,and skeleton-muscle diseases.The major causes of death in patients with NAFLD include cardiovascular disease,malignancies,and liver-related complications,suggesting that extrahepatic diseases associated with NAFLD should be taken seriously by clinicians.This article reviews the research advances in extrahepatic diseases associated with NAFLD,so as to provide ideas for clinical assessment and treatment.