《随园食单》中的饮食观念及当代启示

Dietary Ideas in Suiyuan Shidan and Enlightenment on Modern Times

《随园食单》是袁枚饮食理论与实践相结合的产物,其价值不仅是将菜肴的制作方法记录下来,还总结了袁枚在饮食方面的重要理论。他认为,尊重食物的物性,选择合时宜的食材、合适的火候制作才能保持食物的本味;对食物质量、数量要正确选择,盲目追求昂贵或数量多是不可取的;要遵守饮食礼仪,包括餐桌礼仪与厨师礼仪。结合当下的时代背景,《随园食单》中所体现的遵循食物本性、拒食野生动物、关注食品卫生等饮食观念,对今天同样具有重要的价值与意义。

Suiyuan Shidan is the product combining dietary theory and practice of Yuan Mei,a famous litterateur of the Qing Dynasty(1636-1912).Its value is not only to record preparation of dishes,but also to summarize Yuan Mei’s important theories on diet.The original flavor of food can be maintained just by respecting the physical nature of food,choosing right ingredients at the right time,and preparing at the right heat.Quality and quantity of food should be selected correctly,and blind pursuit of expensiveness or large quantities is undesirable;dietary etiquette,including table manners and chef etiquette,shall be well observed.In the context of the present time,the dietary ideas embodied in the Suiyuan Shidan,such as following the nature of food,refusing to eat wild animals,and paying attention to food hygiene,are also of great value and significance nowadays.