从地理形态到文化符号:浙西南地名“坦”的历史演变

From Geography to Cultural Symbol:the Historical Evolution of the Place Name"Tan"(坦)in Southwestern Zhejiang

民间地名及其变迁,通常隐含着其区域社会的历史与文化。“坦”用于命名平坦土地上的田土类型或聚落,在各地历史上多有所见。浙西南的“坦”通常指分布于河谷平原以及山溪滩地的聚落,并在民间的长期使用中被赋予了更多的意义。在社会变迁中,地名“坦”或随着人群迁徙而被淡忘,或随着国家制度的推行而被取代。在长期的生产生活中,它又衍生为民间会社组织的组成单元,具有身份、地域认同的意义,被人们保存、使用和流传,进而成为区域社会中超越地名意义的文化符号。

Place names in civil society usually imply the profound history and culture of local society.In traditional China,the word"Tan"(坦)was used to name landform or settlements on flat land,which had been seen throughout history.It also usually referred to settlements distributed in valley plains and stream beaches in the mountainous areas of southwestern Zhejiang,and has been given more significance in the long-tern use of folk.In the process of social change,"Tan"(坦)may either has been forgotten with the migration of people,or replaced with the implementation of the national system.But,during the production and living,"Tan"(坦)has gradually been derived as units of folk religion organizations.It has been equipped with group and regional identity.It has been preserved,used and spread by people,and has become a cultural symbol that transcends the meaning of place name in regional society.