社区医院中老年原发性高血压患者躯体症状障碍的调查

Somatic symptom disorder in elderly patients with essential hypertension in community hospital

目的调查社区医院老年高血压患者躯体症状障碍的发病情况。方法横断面调查2019年1-6月就诊于上海市100家社区医院的老年患者5 473例。其中,原发高血压患者3 080例,非高血压患者2 393例。收集相关临床数据并采用躯体化症状自评量表(SSS)对患者进行躯体症状障碍测评,分析老年高血压患者的躯体症状障碍的阳性率。结果老年高血压患者躯体症状障碍阳性率高于非高血压患者(45.3%比31.8%,χ^(2)=101.70,P<0.01),躯体化症状量表分值高于非高血压患者(34.27±8.46比32.89±8.06,t=6.11,P<0.01);高血压患者中注意力减退(72.5%比69.6%,χ^(2)=5.33,P=0.021)、疲劳乏力(65.6%比60.2%,χ^(2)=17.50,P<0.01)、头晕头痛(62.6%比53.3%,χ^(2)=48.08,P<0.01)等躯体化症状的比例均高于非高血压患者。结论老年原发性高血压患者中的躯体症状障碍阳性率及严重程度均高于老年非高血压患者。

Objective To investigate and analyze the prevalence of somatic symptom disorder in elderly patients with essential hypertension in community hospitals. Methods A total of 5 473 patients in 100 community hospitals in Shanghai from January to June 2019 were involved in the cross-sectional study. Among them, there were 3 080 patients diagnosed with essential hypertension and 2 393 patients without essential hypertension. The corresponding clinical data was collected and the somatic symptom self-rating scale(SSS) was used to evaluate and analyze the somatic symptom disorder in these patients. Results The prevalence of somatic symptom disorder in elderly patients with essential hypertension was higher than that in patients without essential hypertension(45.3% vs 31.8%, χ^(2)=101.70, P<0.01), and the score of SSS was higher than that in patients without essential hypertension(34.27±8.46 vs 32.89±8.06, t=6.11, P<0.01);In elderly patients with essential hypertension, impaired concentration(72.5% vs 69.6%, χ^(2)=5.33, P=0.021), fatigue(65.6% vs 60.2%, χ^(2)=17.50, P<0.01), dizziness and headache(62.6% vs 53.3%, χ^(2)=48.08, P<0.01) and other somatic symptoms were higher than those of patients without essential hypertension. Conclusion The prevalence and severity of somatic symptom disorder in elderly patients with essential hypertension are higher than those in patients without essential hypertension.