新城发展取向与创新试验——基于国际建设经验与未来趋势

New Town Development Orientation and Innovative Pilot:Based on International Experiences and Future Trends

上海“十四五”规划明确五大新城建设作为新一轮空间发展的重要战略,新一轮新城建设的重点成为各界讨论的焦点。在梳理国内外新城发展理论和实践的基础上,运用归纳和比较研究方法,提出新城发展在居住模式、产业集聚、新技术新政策和建设机制等方面发挥着试验和示范作用。尽管新城建设过程中存在利弊,在世界范围内从未停止的新城实践,一方面受不同阶段经济社会发展因素所驱动,另一方面不断探索空间规划的应对措施。基于对未来新城发展趋势和关键行动的判断,提出上海新城需在新经济主导的产业集聚、需求升级主导的活力塑造、绿色生态主导的低碳生活引导、万物互联主导的智慧技术应用、协同治理主导的制度建设这5个维度上进一步创新与试验。

Five new towns of Shanghai,which were defined in Shanghai's 14th Five-Year Plan as an important strategy for the city's new spatial development,have been the key discussion from all aspects of society.Combing the theories and practices of new towns all over the world,the paper,using inductive and comparative methods,points out that new towns play an experimental and pilot role in settlement models,industrial clusters,new technologies and policies,and construction mechanisms.Despite the pros and cons,the practices of new towns that have never stopped worldwide are driven by the factors of economic and social development at different stages on the one hand,and on the other hand,researchers are constantly exploring the countermeasures of planning.Based on the judgment of future trends and effectual actions of new towns'development,the paper proposes that further innovation and experimentation in the new towns of Shanghai should be advanced in five dimensions,namely the new economy-led industrial agglomeration,demand upgrade-led urban vitality shaping,green ecology-led low-carbon lifestyle guiding,Internet-led smart technology application,and collaborative governance-led institution improvement.