新冠病毒蛋白及其细胞受体ACE2翻译后修饰的质谱分析

Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Post-Translational Modifications on SARS-CoV-2 Viral Proteins and Its Cellular Receptor ACE2

新冠肺炎(COVID-19)在全世界范围内造成了巨大的健康危机和不可估量的损失。新出现的变种病毒株表明,新冠病毒(SARS-CoV-2)可能会像流感病毒一样在人类社会中继续流行,成为一种长久的健康威胁。控制新冠病毒的传染和开发有效的治疗方法迫在眉睫。因此,找到合适的生物标志物以表明病理和生理状态是当务之急。蛋白质是生命功能的执行者,其丰度和修饰状态可以直接反映免疫状态。蛋白质的糖基化和磷酸化等翻译后修饰对调节蛋白质的功能有很大影响。在SARS病毒、寨卡病毒、流感病毒的研究中,蛋白质的翻译后修饰被证明是可靠的生物标志物。近年来,基于质谱技术的蛋白质组学研究有了很大的进展。通过对基于质谱的生物标志物研究策略的回顾,特别是对蛋白质翻译后修饰的研究,对于人类早日战胜新冠疫情具有重要意义。本文总结了目前基于质谱对新冠病毒蛋白翻译后修饰的研究报道,特别是对糖基化及磷酸化的研究进展,并展望了质谱分析在新冠病毒翻译后修饰研究的挑战及前景。

COVID-19 has caused a huge health crisis and incalculable damage worldwide.Emerging immune escaping mutants of the virus suggests that SARS-CoV-2 may be persistent in human society like the flu virus and become a long-lasting health threat.The control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and the development of an effective treatment are imminent.Therefore,it is imperative to find appropriate biomarkers to indicate pathological and physiological.Proteins are performers of life functions and their abundance and modification status can directly reflect the immune status.Post-translational modifications such as glycosylation and phosphorylation have a great impact on the regulation of protein functions.In the studies of SARS,Zika,and H1N1,post-translational modified proteins have shown to be reliable biomarkers.In recent years,mass spectrometry-based proteomics has made great progress due to the development of mass spectrometry technology.A review of research strategies for mass spectrometry-based biomarkers,especially in the application of protein post-translational modifications,is important for the victory of human beings fighting the Covid-19 epidemic.This review summarized the current progress of mass spectrometry-based studies on the PTM status of SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins,particularly in glycosylation and phosphorylation aspect.The challenge and prospect of the application of mass spectrometry in this particular research area were outlined.