基于高分辨质谱的代谢组学分析技术研究进展

New Advances in Analytical Methods for High Resolution Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics

代谢组学研究的目标是对生物体系中所有内源小分子代谢物进行全面的定性和定量表征。由于代谢物组成复杂、种类繁多、理化性质各异、且浓度差异大,给分析工作带来了极大的挑战。高分辨质谱因具有高灵敏度、高质量分辨率和质量精度、宽动态范围等优势,已成为代谢组学研究的主流分析工具。本文综述了近5年来基于高分辨质谱的代谢组学分析技术和方法的最新进展,包括微纳液相色谱、多维色谱与高分辨质谱联用、直接进样高分辨质谱、高分辨质谱成像技术及代谢物定性策略等,并对其发展前景进行展望。

Metabolomics is the study of comprehensive identification and quantification of endogenous small-molecular metabolites in the biological system.The biological samples are highly complex due to a large number of metabolites,tremendous physical/chemical diversity,and a wide concentration range.Global metabolome analysis is a great challenge for analytical techniques.Mass spectrometry is one of the key analytical methods in metabolomics investigations.With the rapid development of high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS),it has become an indispensable approach owing to high sensitivity,high resolution,good mass accuracy,and wide dynamic ranges.A variety of novel metabolomics methods based on HRMS have been proposed.In this review,new advances of analytical methods,metabolome identification based on HRMS in metabolomics in the last five years were presented,including micro/nano-ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-HRMS,multi-dimensional liquid chromatography-HRMS,direct injection-HRMS,mass spectrometry imaging,and strategies for metabolite annotations.Future perspectives for HRMS-based metabolomics were highlighted.