突发公共卫生事件下高新企业员工心理健康状况及心理服务需求分析

Analysis of Mental Health Status and Psychological Service Demand of Employees in High-tech Enterprises under Public Health Emergencies

目的:了解突发公共卫生事件下高新企业员工的心理健康状况及心理服务需求,为进一步开展精准的心理卫生服务提供科学依据。方法:通过电子问卷方式,采用广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)、患者健康问卷抑郁症候群量表(PHQ-9)、自制问卷,用方便抽样的方式对海淀区4类高新企业(国企、互联网IT类私企、非互联网IT类私企、其他)的2 142名员工进行调查,使用logistic回归模型探讨相关影响因素。结果:疫情期间,海淀区高新企业员工焦虑、抑郁阳性检出率分别为33.4%、29.7%。性别、年龄、婚姻状况、月收入、职务、是否患有基础疾病是焦虑状态发生的影响因素(P<0.05)。年龄、婚姻状况、职务、患有基础疾病是抑郁状态发生的影响因素(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,18~20岁、职务经理/高管、基础疾病是焦虑发生的危险因素(P<0.05),月收入在8 000元及以下,是焦虑发生的保护因素(P<0.05)。≥51岁以及其他职务是抑郁发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。海淀区高新企业员工寻求心理服务的渠道多为综合医院、咨询机构、互联网,工作年限和基础疾病是寻求心理服务的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:COVID-2019疫情期间,高新企业员工焦虑、抑郁的检出率较高,心理健康状况有待改善,建议相关部门根据企业员工接受心理服务的形式与主题,科学制定干预措施。

Objective:To explore the mental health status and psychological service demands of employees in high-tech enterprises under public health emergencies,and to provide scientific basis for further developing accurate mental health services.Method:The generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7),patient health questionnaire depressive symptoms scale (PHQ-9) and self-made questionnaire were used to investigate 2 142 employees in 4 high-tech enterprises (state-owned enterprises,internet IT private enterprises,non-internet IT private enterprises,others) in Haidian District of Beijing by convenient sampling.logistic regression model was used to explore relevant influencing factors.Result:The positive rates of anxiety and depression were 33.4% and 29.7% respectively during the COVID-19 period.Gender,age,marital status,monthly income,position,and having basic diseases were the influencing factors for the occurrence of anxiety (P<0.05).Age,marital status,position,and the existence of underlying diseases were the influencing factors for the occurrence of depression (P<0.05).logistic regression analysis results showed that the risk factors for the occurrence of anxiety were under 20 years old and below,the manager/executive in the position and basic diseases (P<0.05),amonthly income of less than 8 000 yuan was a protective factor for anxiety (P<0.05).≥51 years old and other employees were risk factors for depression (P<0.05).Most of the employees of high-tech enterprises in Haidian District seek psychological services through general hospitals,consulting agencies and the Internet.Working years and underlying diseases were influencing factors in seeking psychological services (P<0.05).Conclusion:During COVID-19 period,the detection rate of anxiety and depression of employees in high-tech enterprises is high,and their mental health status needs to be improved,according to the form and theme of psychological services received by employees in enterprises,scientifically formulate intervention assistance measures should be taken in relevant departments.