儿童常见病毒性呼吸道感染的病原学特征及治疗

Etiological characteristics and treatment of common viral respiratory tract infection in children

病毒性呼吸道感染是儿科临床的多发病,居于儿科病例数量的首位,严重威胁儿童的身体健康和安全。引起呼吸道感染的病毒类型较多,主要包括呼吸道合胞病毒、流感病毒、副流感病毒、鼻病毒、腺病毒等。本文就常见呼吸道病毒的病原学特征、流行病学特征等进行概述,并就呼吸道病毒的临床特征、诊治、防控措施等进行研究,提出了目前治疗呼吸道感染的常用药物、剂量、注意事项等。对于呼吸道感染疾病的诊治、合理用药、防控等,特别是对于不具备病原学检查的农村或偏远地区呼吸道感染疾病的诊断与治疗,具有一定指导意义。

Viral respiratory tract infection is the most common disease in pediatric clinic,it ranks first in pediatric cases,which seriously threatens the health and safety of children.There are many types of viruses causing respiratory tract infection,including Respiratory Syncytial Virus,Influenza Virus,Parainfluenza Virus,Rhinovirus,Adenovirus and so on.The characteristics of etiology and epidemiology of common respiratory viruses are summarized in this paper,and the clinical features,treatment and prevention measures of that are researched,and the commonly used drugs,doses and precautions of the treatment of respiratory tract infections are proposed.This paper has a certain guiding significance for the diagnosis and treatment,rational drug use,prevention and control of respiratory tract infections,especially for rural or remote areas that do not have the conditions for pathogenic examination.