延续性护理在老年衰弱患者中的应用与效果评价

Application and effect evaluation of continuous nursing in elderly debilitated patients

目的:探讨延续性护理应用于老年衰弱治疗时,对患者营养状况、肌肉力量、身体活动功能、生命质量、衰弱程度的影响,为临床老年衰弱治疗提供参考。方法:选取首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院老年医学科2019年6月至2020年7月收治的老年衰弱患者120例,按随机数字表法将其分为对照组和延续护理组,每组60例。对照组采用常规护理,延续护理组采用延续性护理。比较2组患者累积型衰弱指数(FI);握力、起立行走计时试验(TUGT)、简短肌肉功能测试(SPPB)评分以及体质量指数(BMI)、血清白蛋白水平及生命质量评分。结果:干预后,延续护理组FI、SPPB、总体健康得分分别为(0.25±0.05)、(9.35±1.36)、(68.22±6.32)分,对照组分别为(0.36±0.12)、(7.55±1.18)、(60.56±6.38)分,2组比较差异有统计学意义(t值为-6.554、7.744、6.607,P<0.05);干预后,延续护理组握力、TUGT水平、BMI、血清白蛋白水平分别为(28.36±1.52)kg、(15.34±2.14)s、(21.15±0.95)kg/m^(2)、(36.85±3.92)g/L,对照组分别为(25.22±1.78)kg、(19.56±2.68)s、(19.28±1.18)kg/m^(2)、(32.18±4.82)g/L,2组比较差异有统计学意义(t值为-9.531~10.391,P<0.05)。结论:延续性护理可有效改善老年衰弱患者营养状况,提高肌肉力量、身体活动功能及生命质量,延缓衰弱进程。

Objective:To explore the effect of continuous nursing on the nutritional status,muscle strength,physical activity function,quality of life,and degree of weakness of elderly patients.Methods:120 cases of elderly debilitated patients admitted in Beijing Friendship Hospital from June 2019 to July 2020 were selected and divided into a control group and a continuous care group according to the random number table method,with 60 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing,and the continuing nursing group was given continuous nursing.The cumulative frailty index(FI);the score of grip strength,timed up and go test(TUGT),short physical performance battery(SPPB);body mass index(BMI),serum albumin level and quality of life score of the two groups were compared.Results:After the intervention,the FI score,SPPB score and overall health score of the continuous nursing group were 0.25±0.05,9.35±1.36,68.22±6.32 respectively,and those of the control group were 0.36±0.12,7.55±1.18,60.56±6.38 respectively,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(t value was-6.554,7.744,6.607,P<0.05);after the intervention,the grip strength,TUGT level,BMI and serum albumin level in the continuous nursing group were(28.36±1.52)kg,(15.34±2.14)s,(21.15±0.95)kg/m^(2),(36.85±3.92)g/L,respectively,while those in the control group were(25.22±1.78)kg,(19.56±2.68)s,(19.28±1.18)kg/m^(2),(32.18±4.82)g/L,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(t value was-9.531-10.391,P<0.05).Conclusion:Continuous nursing can effectively ameliorate the nutritional status of elderly debilitated patients,improve muscle strength,physical activity and quality of life,and delay the debilitating process.