考虑生态文明建设的林业育苗技术及苗期管理研究

Study on Forestry Seedling Technology and Seedling Management Considering Ecological Civilization Construction

【目的】林业是国民经济重要组成部分之一,其主要是通过培育和管理树木生长和发育,从而达到良好的森林效益。由于目前林业育苗技术和苗期管理水平较低,树苗存活率较低,不满足生态文明建设需求,为此提出考虑生态文明建设的林业育苗技术及苗期管理研究。【方法】分析林业育苗与苗期管理现状,林业育苗技术和苗期管理不够全面,且成活率低,苗种适应性差,不能完全适应干旱、半干旱等一些恶劣的自然环境;针对林业育苗技术存在的问题,对林业育苗技术的种子进行科学选种,再将选好的种子放入到湿度为50%~80%容器中,在容器中加水将种子浸湿,容器上方用湿布覆盖,将其放置在温度为30℃~35℃环境中,每天换水,持续一周;在温室内架设苗床,配置树苗培育基质;在此基础上,需要进一步考虑林业工程建设中的另一关键环节“苗期管理”,在此过程中,其主要的工作内容是对造林规格与苗木规格进行选择。按照苗期工程的规模,选择种植施肥区域,控制苗木的施肥范围,再进行定植与水量控制工作。【结果】完成林业育苗技术及苗期管理。【结论】采用先进的科学技术对林业育苗与管理,运用科技含量更高的技术,提高林业育苗和苗期管理水平,使林业种苗可以在恶劣的自然环境下健康生长,提高林木的成活率,控制其死亡率,以此保证一定生态效益。

【Objective】Forestry is one of the important components of the national economy.It is mainly through cultivating and managing the growth and development of trees to achieve good forest benefits.As the current forestry nursery technology and seedling management level are low,the survival rate of saplings is low,and does not meet the needs of ecological civilization construction,for this reason,forestry nursery technology and seedling management research that considers ecological civilization construction are proposed.【Method】Analyze the status quo of forestry nursery and seedling management.The forestry nursery technology and seedling management are not comprehensive enough,and the survival rate is low,the seedling adaptability is poor,and it cannot fully adapt to some harsh natural environments such as arid and semi-arid,Scientifically select seeds for forestry seedling technology,and then put the selected seeds into a container with a humidity of 50%-80%,add water to the container to soak the seeds,cover the top of the container with a damp cloth,and place it on In an environment with a temperature of 30℃-35℃,change the water every day for a week;set up a seedbed in the greenhouse and configure the substrate for cultivating saplings;on this basis,it is necessary to further consider another key link in forestry engineering construction,“seedling management”.In this process,its main work content is to choose afforestation specifications and nursery stock specifications.According to the scale of the seedling stage project,select the planting fertilization area to control the fertilization range of the seedlings.Then carry out the work of planting and water control.【Result】Complete forestry nursery technology and seedling management.【Conclusion】Use advanced science and technology to raise and manage forestry seedlings,and use more technologically advanced technologies to improve forestry nursery and seedling management levels,so that forestry seedlings can grow healthily in harsh natural environments,increase the survival rate of forest trees,and control the mortality rate,in order to ensure certain ecological benefits.