吉妥珠单抗在CD33阳性急性髓系白血病中的研究进展

Research progress of gemtuzumab ozogamicin in CD33-positive acute myeloid leukemia

目前,通过运用传统化疗或造血干细胞移植治疗急性髓系白血病(acute myeloid leukemia,AML)虽然取得一定疗效,但远期预后仍存在局限性。为改善这一缺陷,抗体偶联药物将可能成为这部分患者的最佳选择。吉妥珠单抗(gemtuzumab ozogamicin,GO)是一种由人源化抗CD33单抗与脱氧核糖核酸(deoxyribonucleic acid,DNA)嵌入剂卡奇霉素(calicheamicin,CLM)形成的抗体偶联药物。CD33表达于90%的AML细胞表面,不表达于正常造血干细胞和成熟粒细胞。因此,其成为AML靶向治疗的良好靶点。已有许多研究报道,GO无论是单药还是联合治疗,均能改善CD33阳性AML患者的预后。本文主要就GO的特征及其在CD33阳性AML中的研究进展进行综述。

Although traditional chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation have each achieved beneficial effects in treating acute myeloid leukemia(AML),effects on long-term prognosis are still limited.To improve upon their deficits,antibody–drug conjugates(ADCs)may be the best choice for patients with AML.Gemtuzumab ozogamicin(GO)is an ADC composed of a humanized anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody linked to the DNA intercalator calicheamicin(CLM).CD33 is an antigen expressed on the surface of more than 90%of AML cells,but not on normal hematopoietic stem cells or mature granulocytes,making it a promising specific target for targeted AML therapy.Many studies have shown that GO monotherapy or combination therapy can improve prognosis for patients with CD33 positive AML.In this review,progress in researches aimed at mechanistically understanding GO therapy in patients with CD33 positive AML is briefly summarized.