由381例结直肠癌患者资料探讨伺机性筛查方法

Opportunistic Screening of 381 Patients with Colorectal Cancer

【目的】分析本院收治的381例确诊结直肠癌患者的临床资料,以探讨结直肠癌伺机性筛查的策略。【方法】回顾性分析2014年1月至2019年12月本院收治381例确诊为结直肠癌患者的临床资料,对患者人口学特征、生化资料、组织学类型等进行分析,比较不同性别结直肠癌患者年龄分布、患病位置及组织学类型情况,并分析结直肠癌患者高危因素。【结果】381例患者中男女比例为1.23:1。以61〜70岁所占比例最高(30.4%),其次为71〜80岁(21,8%).51〜60岁(21.3%)。不同性别结直肠癌患者年龄分布情况比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.166,P=0.979>0.05)。不同性别结直肠癌患病年龄差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。患病位置以直肠乙状结肠最常见(272例,71.4%),组织学类型以腺癌最为常见(288例,75.6%)。不同性别结直肠癌患病位置及组织学类型比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄结直肠癌患病位置及组织学类型比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。114例患者高危因素调查资料完整,共计191个高危因素,以粪便潜血试验(FOBT)检测阳性、排便异常最为常见。114例患者中H0例(96.5%)存在高危因素,>2个高危因素者占74.5%。【结论】低于50岁结直肠癌比例高,不同性别结直肠癌患病年龄、位逍及类型差异不大,伺机性筛查不应做年龄限制及性别限制。结直肠癌的伺机性筛查匹重视FOBT检测阳性、排便异常人群以及超过>2个高危因素人群。

【Objective】To analyze the clinical data of 381 patients with colorectal cancer in our hospital,so as to explore the opportunistic screening strategy of colorectal cancer.【Methods】The clinical data of 381 patients with colorectal cancer in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively.The demographic characteristics,biochemical data and histological types of patients were analyzed.The age distribution,location and histological types of colorectal cancer patients of different genders were compared,and the high-risk factors of colorectal cancer patients were analyzed.【Results】The ratio of male to female in 381 patients was 1.23:1.The proportion of 61〜70 years old was the highest(30.4%),followed by 71〜80 years old(21.8%)and 51〜60 years old(21.3%).There was no significant difference in the age distribution of colorectal cancer patients between different genders(χ^(2)=1.166,P=0.979>0.05).There was no significant difference in the age of colorectal cancer between different genders(P>0.05).The most common location was rectosigmoid colon(272 cases,71.4%),and the most common histological type was adenocarcinoma(288 cases,75.6%).There was no significant difference in the location and histological type of colorectal cancer between different genders(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the location and histological type of colorectal cancer at different ages(P>0.05).The investigation data of 114 patients with high-risk factors were complete,with a total of 191 high-risk factors,among which FOBT positive and abnormal defecation were the most common.Among 114 patients,110(96.5%)had high-risk factors,and more than two high-risk factors accounted for 74.5%.【Conclusion】The proportion of colorectal cancer under 50 years old is high,and there is little difference in the age,location and type of colorectal cancer between different genders.Age and gender restrictions should not be made for opportunistic screening.The opportunistic screening of colorectal cancer should pay attention to the population with positive FOBT test,abnornal defecation andmore than tweo high-risk factors.