6%井冈霉素·枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂对小麦茎基腐病的田间防效

Field Efficacy of Validamycin·Bacillus subtilis 6% WP against Wheat Stem Rot

[目的]明确6%井冈霉素·枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂对小麦茎基腐病的田间药效,为实际生产应用提供理论依据。[方法]供试药剂6%井冈霉素·枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂使用剂量为100 g/15kg(种子)、对照药剂4.8%苯醚·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂使用剂量为50 g/15kg(种子)和空白对照(清水)于小麦播种前拌种处理;供试药剂6%井冈霉素·枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂使用剂量为1.5 kg/hm^(2)、对照药剂4.8%苯醚·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂使用剂量为0.75 kg/hm^(2)和空白对照(清水)于小麦返青期叶面喷雾处理。[结果]6%井冈霉素·枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂处理后,小麦苗期的株高、根长、地上部分鲜重、地下部分鲜重和产量分别为28.78 cm、7.51 cm、3.52 g、0.44 g、1357.56 kg,与对照药剂4.8%苯醚·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂处理组均有显著性提高。6%井冈霉素·枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂处理后对小麦茎基腐病出苗期、拔节期和灌浆期的田间药效分别为72.73%、76.81%、77.24%,同一时期与对照药剂的田间防效均没有显著性差异。[结论]6%井冈霉素·枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂对小麦茎基腐防效较好,同时具有促进小麦幼苗的生长以及增加小麦产量的作用。该药剂无毒无污染,可以减少化学农药的使用,在小麦茎基腐病治理中具有重要的推广潜力。

[Aims] This study aims to clarify the efficacy of prevention and control of validamycin·Bacillus subtilis6% WP against wheat crown rot, and provide the theoretical basis for practical production and application in the field.[Methods] The dosage of validamycin·Bacillus subtilis 6% WP was 100 g/15 kg(seed), the dosage of difenoconazole fludioxonil 4.8% FS was 50 g/15 kg(seed) and the blank control(water) were used for seed dressing before wheat sowing. The dosage of validamycin·Bacillus subtilis 6% WP was 1.5 kg/ha, difenoconazole fludioxonil 4.8% FS was0.75 kg/ha, and the blank control(water) was used to treat wheat leaves at the green stage. [Results] The plant height,root length, aboveground fresh weight, underground fresh weight and yield were 28.78, 7.51 cm, 3.52, 0.44 g and1357.56 kg respectively after validamycin·Bacillus subtilis 6% WP treatment, which were significantly higher than those of difenoconazole fludioxonil 4.8% FS treatment group. The field efficacy of validamycin·Bacillus subtilis 6%WP on wheat crown rot at seedling stage, jointing stage and filling stage were 72.73, 76.81 and 77.24%, respectively.There was no significant difference control effect between validamycin·Bacillus subtilis 6% WP and difenoconazole fludioxonil 4.8% FS at the same period. [Conclusions] It is concluded that validamycin·Bacillus subtilis 6% WP has excellent control effect on wheat crown rot, at the same time it could promote the growth and improve the yield of wheat. With the characteristics of nontoxic, environment friendly and less usage, it has the great potential to be popularized the efficacy of prevention and control of wheat crown rot.