7075铝合金选区激光熔化研究现状

Research status of selective laser melting in 7075 aluminum alloy

现今航空航天等领域对复杂精密零件的需求逐步增加,传统的加工方式已无法满足这一趋势。选区激光熔化(Selective Laser Melting,SLM)基于逐层叠加的原理可一次性成型复杂件,因此对于这类零件具有广泛的应用前景。7075铝合金是航空航天领域常用的一种高强铝合金,由于高强铝合金热导率高,对激光反射率大,易氧化,有很强的热裂倾向等特点,导致SLM成型7075铝合金难度大。然而市场对其越来越大的需求,近几年发展迅速。主要从工艺优化和添加形核成分方面总结了近几年国内外7075铝合金选区激光熔化的研究现状,并阐述了存在的问题和发展趋势。

Nowadays,the demand for complex precision parts in aerospace and other fields is increasing gradually,and the traditional processing methods can not meet this trend.Selective Laser Melting(SLM)can form complex parts at one time based on the principle of layer by layer superposition,so it has a wide application prospect for such parts.7075 aluminum alloy is a kind of high strength aluminum alloy commonly used in aerospace field.Because of its high thermal conductivity,high laser reflectivity,easy oxidation and strong thermal cracking tendency,it is difficult for SLM to form 7075 aluminum alloy.However,the market for its growing demand results in rapid development in recent years.The research status of SLM of 7075 aluminum alloy in recent years was summarized from the aspects of process optimization and addition of nucleation components,and the existing problems and development trends were expounded.