城市下垫面空间特征对地表产汇流过程的影响研究综述

Comprehensive review on the impact of spatial features of urban underlying surface on runoff processes

快速城市化显著改变了城市下垫面空间特征,对地表产汇流过程产生了重要影响。综述城市下垫面空间特征对地表产汇流过程的影响研究进展,以下垫面空间特征对产汇流过程的影响为主线,聚焦不透水面和微地形两类空间特征,总结城市下垫面空间特征及其表征方法;从不透水率与不透水面空间变化、数值模拟与物理实验等方面,分别梳理不透水面和微地形等空间特征对地表产汇流过程的影响研究成果。展望未来城市下垫面空间特征对地表产汇流过程的影响研究重点和发展方向,主要包括影响机理解析、主控空间特征参数识别与敏感性分析、城市水文效应适应性应对等,以期为快速城市化下城市水文效应解析和城市洪涝灾害防治提供一定参考。

Rapid urbanization has significantly changed the spatial feature of the urban underlying surface,which can have significant impact on runoff processes.This study summarizes the research advances on the impact of the spatial features of the urban underlying surface on the surface runoff process.Herein,two types of spatial characteristics-impervious surface and microtopography-were investigated,by combing the spatial features of the urban underlying surface and its characterization methods.Moreover,spatial features of urban underlying surface are discussed from the perspectives of the variation of impervious rate and spatial distribution of impervious surface,as well as numerical simulations and physical experiments.In addition,the key points of research on the impact of the spatial features of the urban underlying surface on the surface runoff process in the future are highlighted.Overall,this study mainly includes the analysis of influence mechanism,the identification and sensitivity analysis of main control spatial features parameters,and the adaptive response to urban hydrological effects,thereby providing scientific reference for the analysis of urban hydrological effects,and the prevention and control of urban flood disasters under rapid urbanization.