城市绿地环境质量评估工具综述

Systematic Review of Environmental Quality Assessment Tools for Urban Green Spaces

城市绿地环境质量评估工具被广泛应用于探究空间特征与体力活动的关系,成为城市规划、公共健康、体育科学领域的研究热点。使用文献计量法、荟萃分析法,梳理了9项城市绿地环境质量评估工具,总结了评估工具的应用方式、适用范围及优劣异同。首先,城市绿地环境质量评估工具的开发始于21世纪初期,经历了探索期、发展期和活跃期,工具评估范围涵盖城市公园、步道空间和邻里绿地,主要评估方法包括系统性观察、远程评估和主观感知法;其次,基于尺度差异归纳了普遍使用的8项一级指标和58项二级指标,一级指标包括交通环境、周边环境、娱乐设施、便利设施、自然品质、维护管理、艺术审美以及安全保障;最后,探讨了常见工具的实际应用情况,为多学科的互相借鉴与融合提供基础。

The environmental quality assessment tools for urban green spaces,which are widely used to explore the relationship between spatial characteristics and physical activities,have become a research hotspot in the fields of urban planning,public health and sports science.Adopting the bibliometric and metaanalysis methods,this research sorts out nine tools for assessing urban green space environmental quality,and summarizes the application modes and scopes,advantages and disadvantages of these assessment tools.First of all,it finds out that the development of the environmental quality assessment tools for urban green spaces began in the early 21st century,and has experienced the exploration period,development period and active period.The tools assessment scope covers urban parks,walking environment,and neighborhood green space.The primary assessment methods include systematic observation,remote assessment and subjective perception.Then,based on the differences in environmental scales,it sums up 8 first-level indicators and 58 second-level indicators.The first-level indicators comprise the traffic environment,surrounding environment,entertainment and convenience facilities,natural quality,maintenance management,artistic aesthetics,and safety guarantee.Finally,it explores the practical application of standard tools,providing a basis for mutual reference and integration of multiple disciplines.