算法技术嵌入社会治理的伦理探析

Ethical Analysis of Algorithm Technology Embedded in Social Governance

算法技术逐渐嵌入社会治理的各个方面,成为提高社会治理智能化和专业化水平的重要支柱。由于算法技术本身存在黑箱问题、算法技术人员伦理责任缺失、治理主体过分依赖工具理性等原因,算法技术在社会治理中的广泛应用带来了一系列伦理风险:削弱人的自主性,凸显反主体性冲突;抑制公民知情权,损害社会公正;自我认知焦虑,个人隐私空间坍塌,等等。防范上述风险,需要从三个方面进行伦理调适:从事前(算法技术设计之初)、事后(算法应用阶段)两个维度对算法进行技术应对;强化算法技术人员的责任伦理意识;彰显价值理性,强化社会监督。

Algorithm technology is gradually embedded in all aspects of social governance, which has become an important pillar to improve the intelligence and specialization of social governance. Due to the black box problem, the lack of ethical responsibility and the improper tendency to rely too much on instrumental rationality, the algorithm technology itself has also brought about the weakening of human autonomy, highlighted anti-subjectivity conflicts, suppressed citizens′ right to know, damaged social justice, privacy space collapse and other ethical risks. To prevent the above risks, we need to make ethical adjustment from three aspects: technically responding to the algorithm from two dimensions: before(at the beginning of algorithm technology design) and after(algorithm application stage), strengthening the sense of responsibility ethics of algorithm technicians, and highlighting value rationality and strengthening social supervision.