伦理共同体的建构与创伤性书写:江西清遗民及其创作研究

The Construction of Ethical Community and Traumatic Writing:Research on Jiangxi Adherents of the Qing Dynasty and Their Works

在中国文化史上,被视为独特群体的各朝遗民以共同的心理诉求构筑了一个个伦理共同体。作为此类存在且极富典型性的江西清遗民,凭借同向的政治活动或文化交流投身于近现代社会的建构,他们在形塑自我身份时通过创伤性书写,或缅念已逝的王朝,或凭吊渐远的传统,或显露复国的迷思。无疑,在多元价值体系观照下重新认识、评骘作为“过渡人”的清遗民至为重要,充分揭示这个文化样本的生成过程、基本特征及其形象的游移有助于回到历史现场,以及分析、反思这批知识分子的理性与非理性,消极影响与有效价值等。

In the history of Chinese culture,the adherents of various dynasties who are regarded as unique groups have constructed an ethical community with a common psychological appeal.As a typical example of this kind of existence,Jiangxi adherents of the Qing Dynasty devoted themselves to the construction of modern society through the same political activities or cultural exchanges.When shaping their identity,they use traumatic writing by reminiscing about the past dynasty,or by paying homage to fading traditions,or by revealing the myth of rejuvenation.Undoubtedly,it is important to recognize and appraise the adherents of the Qing Dynasty as a group of“transition people”under the perspective of multiple value systems.Fully revealing the formation process,basic characteristics and image shifting of this cultural sample is helpful to return to the historical scene,analyze and reflect on the rationality and irrationality as well as the negative influence and effective value of this group of intellectuals.