中药雾化吸入护理在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期的应用

The Application of Chinese Medicine Atomization Inhalation Nursing in Acute Exacerbation Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

目的探讨中药雾化吸入护理在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)急性加重期的应用效果。方法选择2018年10月—2019年12月江西省吉安市中心人民医院收治的62例COPD急性加重期患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组31例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上联合实施中药雾化吸入护理。比较2组患者的护理效果、不同时间排痰量、症状改善时间、第1秒用力呼气容积(Forced expiratory volume in one second,FEV1)、呼气峰流速(Peak expiratory flow,PEF)及FEV1/用力肺活量(Forced vital capacity,FVC)。结果观察组的护理总有效率为96.77%(30/31),高于对照组的64.52%(20/31),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组护理1 d后的排痰量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组护理3、14 d后的排痰量多于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组呼吸困难、喘息、咳嗽、气短症状改善时间较对照组早,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组干预后的FEV1、PEF、FEV1/FVC均高于干预前和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中药雾化吸入护理在COPD急性加重期的应用,能够提高患者的护理效果,改善临床症状,促进排痰。

Objective To explore the effect of Chinese medicine atomization inhalation nursing on sputum excretion in acute exacerbation chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods 62 patients who were treated in Ji’an Central People’s Hospital from October 2018 to December 2019 were included in this study.According to the control method of random number table,the patients were divided into two groups,31 cases in each group.The control group was given budesonide,ambroxol hydrochloride,terbutaline combined treatment.The observation group was given the combination of Chinese medicine atomization inhalation nursing.The nursing effect,sputum volume at different times,symptom improvement time,Forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1),and peak expiratory flow(PEF)and FEV1/forced vital capacity(FVC)were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of nursing in the observation group was 96.77%(30/31),which was higher than 64.52%(20/31)in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);There was no significant difference in sputum volume between the two groups after 1 day of nursing(P>0.05);After nursing for 3 and 14 d,the sputum volume of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The improvement time of dyspnea,wheeze,cough and shortness of breath in the observation group was earlier than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).FEV1,PEF and FEV1/FVC in the observation group after intervention were higher than those before intervention and control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion The Chinese medicine atomization inhalation nursing has a positive effect on the expectoration effect of COPD in acute exacerbation stage,which can improve the curative effect of patients,improve clinical symptoms and promote expectoration.